Suchergebnisse

During its evolution from the sit-ins and picket lines of 1960, student protest in the universities broadened its base and became more politically active. Increasingly, students became aware of the logical interrelationships between issues being protested within and outside of the universities, and of the stifling effect exerted upon all dissent by the politi cal institutions of the Establishment. Stimulated by the ideas of men like Paul Goodman, Robert Nisbet, C. Wright Mills, Erich Fromm, and Edgar Z. Friedenberg, students rebelled against the Establishment philosophy of "corporate liberal ism," best exemplified, in their view, by the idea of the uni versity delineated in Clark Kerr's The Uses of the University. The students counterposed their own concept of "participatory democracy," as embodied in Tom Hayden's Port Huron State ment of 1962, against corporate liberalism in the university. The revolt at the University of California at Berkeley in 1964, the widespread, and often successful, student protests against university dismissals of faculty members, the "free university movement" which began at San Francisco State College in 1965, and, most recently, the rebellion at Columbia University in 1968—all reflect both the ideology and the activism of the educational protest movement.—Ed.

It is attempted to analyze & explain the origins, concerns & directions of US student protest in the 1960's. The influence of Robert Nisbet, C. Wright Mills, Erich Fromm, E. Z. Friedenberg & Paul Goodman has been important. The desire to implement Goodman's theories of behavior & soc control produced a movement which has been revolutionary in its impact & has begun to portray students as a class, ready & eager to transform the U & all other pattern-molding instit's. Young people are attempting to build counterinstit's reflecting their ideas about how things should be. A revolt against liberalism characterizes the student protest movement of the Left. Students rebelled against the Establishment philosophy of 'corporate liberalism,' best exemplified as they see it by the idea of the U as delineated in Clark Kerr's THE USES OF THE UNI- VERSITY (no publication information). They offered their own concept of 'participatory democracy,' as embodied in Tom Hayden's Port Huron Statement of 1962, against corporate liberalism in the U. Educ'al protest was directed against the view that the individual was a component in a runaway machine, & against the equation of educ with discipline. Pol'al quiescence signified submission to authority. Michael Rossman, a former student at the U of California at Berkeley, & one of the foremost exponents of the movement's assumptions on the nature of educ, contends that the practice of establishing authority by virtue of one's position as teacher must be replaced by a less coercive participatory culture. Leadership is seen by Rossman & others as one means by which selfhood & autonomy are undermined. Students should be taught how to become free men before all else. The revolt at the U of California at Berkeley in 1964, the widespread student protests against U dismissals of faculty members, the free U's which began at San Francisco State Coll in 1965, & the rebellion at Columbia U in 1968, all reflect both the ideology & the activism of the educ'al protest movement. The student revolt aims to avert a future in which the needs of the individual will be sacrificed to the need for soc control & to the hypertrophic org. Student rebels counterpose a humanistic, antibur'tic, antiauthoritarian model of soc org to the 'theodicy of 1984.' Modified HA.

With the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), corporate entities, federal, state, county, and city governments, universities, school districts, places of worship, prisons, health care facilities, assisted living organizations, daycares, homeowners, and other building owners and occupants have an opportunity to reduce the potential for transmission through built environment (BE)-mediated pathways. Over the last decade, substantial research into the presence, abundance, diversity, function, and transmission of microbes in the BE has taken place and revealed common pathogen exchange pathways and mechanisms. In this paper, we synthesize this microbiology of the BE research and the known information about SARS-CoV-2 to provide actionable and achievable guidance to BE decision makers, building operators, and all indoor occupants attempting to minimize infectious disease transmission through environmentally mediated pathways. We believe this information is useful to corporate and public administrators and individuals responsible for building operations and environmental services in their decision-making process about the degree and duration of social-distancing measures during viral epidemics and pandemics.

With the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), corporate entities, federal, state, county, and city governments, universities, school districts, places of worship, prisons, health care facilities, assisted living organizations, daycares, homeowners, and other building owners and occupants have an opportunity to reduce the potential for transmission through built environment (BE)-mediated pathways. Over the last decade, substantial research into the presence, abundance, diversity, function, and transmission of microbes in the BE has taken place and revealed common pathogen exchange pathways and mechanisms. In this paper, we synthesize this microbiology of the BE research and the known information about SARS-CoV-2 to provide actionable and achievable guidance to BE decision makers, building operators, and all indoor occupants attempting to minimize infectious disease transmission through environmentally mediated pathways. We believe this information is useful to corporate and public administrators and individuals responsible for building operations and environmental services in their decision-making process about the degree and duration of social-distancing measures during viral epidemics and pandemics.

With the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), corporate entities, federal, state, county, and city governments, universities, school districts, places of worship, prisons, health care facilities, assisted living organizations, daycares, homeowners, and other building owners and occupants have an opportunity to reduce the potential for transmission through built environment (BE)-mediated pathways. Over the last decade, substantial research into the presence, abundance, diversity, function, and transmission of microbes in the BE has taken place and revealed common pathogen exchange pathways and mechanisms. In this paper, we synthesize this microbiology of the BE research and the known information about SARS-CoV-2 to provide actionable and achievable guidance to BE decision makers, building operators, and all indoor occupants attempting to minimize infectious disease transmission through environmentally mediated pathways. We believe this information is useful to corporate and public administrators and individuals responsible for building operations and environmental services in their decision-making process about the degree and duration of social-distancing measures during viral epidemics and pandemics. Author Video: An author video summary of this article is available.