Radicalization continues to assert itself in France and around the world, as a lasting and increasingly endogenous threat. This reconfiguration of the threat has not greatly influenced research on this phenomenon, which is often focused on understanding the phenomenon, its causes, risk profiles . The enrollment of young French people in jihadism and, more generally, the rise of extremisms violence elicits a democratic response, including through primary prevention. This threat has led the government to develop public policies focused especially on identification and especially on security logics through the implementation of plans (PLAT) in 2014 and (PART) in 2016, then the new plan, "Prevent to protect »In 2018. The various interventions in this area of the fight against violent radicalizations (VR) that target adults and young adults are generally carried out either in prisons or in vulnerable neighborhoods and rarely involve the emotional and relational dimensions. This work is part of an approach that tries to highlight the least considered aspects in the various VR prevention initiatives by proposing approaches focused on the solution and not on the problem. Indeed, we suggest a reconsideration of the usual ways of preventing VR centered on aspects of security, justice and rationality, complementing them with approaches that explicitly promote emotional and relational skills. It should be noted that this thesis proposes to verify empirically the foundations of a primary prevention program and its real impact on adults and young adults through measurable indicators. Thus, the general culture module "Initiation to meditation in an ethical approach" taught at the faculty of Montpellier was designed to develop these skills in the sense of responsibility, considered in our theoretical model as being antagonistic to VR. The evaluation of its impact by quantitative methods shows encouraging results and confirms a large part of our hypotheses. ; La radicalisation continue de s'affirmer en France et dans le monde ...
Radicalization continues to assert itself in France and around the world, as a lasting and increasingly endogenous threat. This reconfiguration of the threat has not greatly influenced research on this phenomenon, which is often focused on understanding the phenomenon, its causes, risk profiles . The enrollment of young French people in jihadism and, more generally, the rise of extremisms violence elicits a democratic response, including through primary prevention. This threat has led the government to develop public policies focused especially on identification and especially on security logics through the implementation of plans (PLAT) in 2014 and (PART) in 2016, then the new plan, "Prevent to protect »In 2018. The various interventions in this area of the fight against violent radicalizations (VR) that target adults and young adults are generally carried out either in prisons or in vulnerable neighborhoods and rarely involve the emotional and relational dimensions. This work is part of an approach that tries to highlight the least considered aspects in the various VR prevention initiatives by proposing approaches focused on the solution and not on the problem. Indeed, we suggest a reconsideration of the usual ways of preventing VR centered on aspects of security, justice and rationality, complementing them with approaches that explicitly promote emotional and relational skills. It should be noted that this thesis proposes to verify empirically the foundations of a primary prevention program and its real impact on adults and young adults through measurable indicators. Thus, the general culture module "Initiation to meditation in an ethical approach" taught at the faculty of Montpellier was designed to develop these skills in the sense of responsibility, considered in our theoretical model as being antagonistic to VR. The evaluation of its impact by quantitative methods shows encouraging results and confirms a large part of our hypotheses. ; La radicalisation continue de s'affirmer en France et dans le monde ...
Radicalization continues to assert itself in France and around the world, as a lasting and increasingly endogenous threat. This reconfiguration of the threat has not greatly influenced research on this phenomenon, which is often focused on understanding the phenomenon, its causes, risk profiles . The enrollment of young French people in jihadism and, more generally, the rise of extremisms violence elicits a democratic response, including through primary prevention. This threat has led the government to develop public policies focused especially on identification and especially on security logics through the implementation of plans (PLAT) in 2014 and (PART) in 2016, then the new plan, "Prevent to protect »In 2018. The various interventions in this area of the fight against violent radicalizations (VR) that target adults and young adults are generally carried out either in prisons or in vulnerable neighborhoods and rarely involve the emotional and relational dimensions. This work is part of an approach that tries to highlight the least considered aspects in the various VR prevention initiatives by proposing approaches focused on the solution and not on the problem. Indeed, we suggest a reconsideration of the usual ways of preventing VR centered on aspects of security, justice and rationality, complementing them with approaches that explicitly promote emotional and relational skills. It should be noted that this thesis proposes to verify empirically the foundations of a primary prevention program and its real impact on adults and young adults through measurable indicators. Thus, the general culture module "Initiation to meditation in an ethical approach" taught at the faculty of Montpellier was designed to develop these skills in the sense of responsibility, considered in our theoretical model as being antagonistic to VR. The evaluation of its impact by quantitative methods shows encouraging results and confirms a large part of our hypotheses. ; La radicalisation continue de s'affirmer en France et dans le monde ...
International audience ; Nowadays the engagement of people in political or religious violent radicalism threatens public security. To help to solve these transcontinental problems, many countries implemented programs for the primary prevention of violent radicalization (VR), where the justice system played a leading role. However, the not-always-rigorous evaluations still tend to show the inefficiency and even the probable counter-productivity of these actions. The problematic of our theoretical article thus concerns how to implement effective prevention and scientifically evaluate its impact (which indicators to consider ?). In the first part we argue, based on the psychological literature partly dedicated to Islamist terrorism, that dogmatism and need for closure constitute a characteristic of radicalized minds. Then, on this basis and the one of a previous conceptualization, we present a pioneering theoretical model in which VR appears to close the mind, whereas effective prevention would occur on the contrary open the mind. After that, we argue about the links between openness, health, responsibility (ethics) and meditation. From this, we deduce the importance of including health education, with the purpose of responsibility, as an effective way of VR primary prevention. Our model opens up new perspectives for both education and research. It contains measurable and operational psychological indicators that can be used to study the impact of educational devices on prevention empirically, for example involving an educational tool that we have particularly studied : meditation. ; Hoy día, la incorporación de unas personas en un radicalismo violento, político o religioso, amenaza la seguridad pública. Para contribuir en solucionar estos problemas transcontinentales, varios países han puesto en obra programas de prevención primaria para las radicalizaciones violentas (RV), en las que el sistema judicial desempeña un papel preponderante. Ahora bien, las evaluaciones, no siempre rigurosas, tienden a demostrar la ...
International audience ; Nowadays the engagement of people in political or religious violent radicalism threatens public security. To help to solve these transcontinental problems, many countries implemented programs for the primary prevention of violent radicalization (VR), where the justice system played a leading role. However, the not-always-rigorous evaluations still tend to show the inefficiency and even the probable counter-productivity of these actions. The problematic of our theoretical article thus concerns how to implement effective prevention and scientifically evaluate its impact (which indicators to consider ?). In the first part we argue, based on the psychological literature partly dedicated to Islamist terrorism, that dogmatism and need for closure constitute a characteristic of radicalized minds. Then, on this basis and the one of a previous conceptualization, we present a pioneering theoretical model in which VR appears to close the mind, whereas effective prevention would occur on the contrary open the mind. After that, we argue about the links between openness, health, responsibility (ethics) and meditation. From this, we deduce the importance of including health education, with the purpose of responsibility, as an effective way of VR primary prevention. Our model opens up new perspectives for both education and research. It contains measurable and operational psychological indicators that can be used to study the impact of educational devices on prevention empirically, for example involving an educational tool that we have particularly studied : meditation. ; Hoy día, la incorporación de unas personas en un radicalismo violento, político o religioso, amenaza la seguridad pública. Para contribuir en solucionar estos problemas transcontinentales, varios países han puesto en obra programas de prevención primaria para las radicalizaciones violentas (RV), en las que el sistema judicial desempeña un papel preponderante. Ahora bien, las evaluaciones, no siempre rigurosas, tienden a demostrar la ...
Aujourd'hui, l'engagement de personnes dans un radicalisme violent, politique ou religieux, menace la sécurité publique. Pour contribuer à solutionner ces problèmes transcontinentaux, plusieurs pays ont mis en œuvre des programmes de prévention primaire des radicalisations violentes (RV), où le système judiciaire a un rôle prépondérant. Or, les évaluations, pas toujours rigoureuses, ont tout de même tendance à montrer l'inefficacité et même la vraisemblable contre-productivité de ces actions. La problématique de cet article théorique concerne donc la manière de mettre en œuvre une prévention efficace des RV et d'évaluer scientifiquement son efficacité (quels indicateurs considérer ?). Dans une première partie nous argumentons, sur la base de la littérature psychologique, en partie dédiée au terrorisme islamiste, que le dogmatisme et le besoin de clôture constituent une caractéristique des esprits radicalisés. Ensuite, sur cette base et celle d'une conceptualisation antérieure, nous présentons un modèle théorique pionnier où la RV apparaît comme fermant l'esprit, tandis qu'une prévention efficace conduirait, au contraire, à ouvrir l'esprit. Après cela, nous argumentons sur les liens entre ouverture d'esprit, santé, responsabilité (éthique) et méditation. Nous en déduisons l'importance d'inclure l'éducation à la santé comme un moyen efficace de prévention primaire des RV, avec comme fin la responsabilité. Notre modèle ouvre de nouvelles perspectives, tant pour l'éducation que pour la recherche. Il contient en effet des indicateurs psychologiques mesurables et opérationnels qui pourront servir à étudier empiriquement l'impact de dispositifs éducatifs sur la prévention, impliquant par exemple un outil éducatif que nous avons particulièrement étudié : la méditation. ; Hoy día, la incorporación de unas personas en un radicalismo violento, político o religioso, amenaza la seguridad pública. Para contribuir en solucionar estos problemas transcontinentales, varios países han puesto en obra programas de prevención primaria para las radicalizaciones violentas (RV), en las que el sistema judicial desempeña un papel preponderante. Ahora bien, las evaluaciones, no siempre rigurosas, tienden a demostrar la ineficacia e incluso la probable contra productividad de dichas acciones. La problemática de nuestro artículo, teoríco, se enfoca en la manera cómo se pone en obra una prevención eficaz de las RV y se evalúa de modo científico su eficacia (¿qué indicadores considerar ?). En una primera parte, pretendemos, en base a la literatura psicológica, en parte dedicada al terrorismo islámico, que el dogmatismo y la necesidad de clausura constituyen una característica de las mentes radicalizadas. Luego, partiendo de esta base y de la una conceptualización anterior, presentamos un modelo teoríco pionero en el que la RV aparece como algo que encierra la mente, mientras que una prevención eficaz permitiría, al contrario, abrir la mente. Seguidamente, discutimos acerca de los lazos entre apertura de espíritu, salud, responsabilidad (ética) y meditación. Deducimos de ello la importancia de la inclusión de la educación a la salud como medio eficaz de prevención primaria de las RV y como meta la responsabilidad. Nuestro modelo abre nuevas perspectivas, tanto para la educación como para la investigación. En efecto, contiene indicadores psicológicos medibles y operativos que podrán servir para estudiar, de modo empírico, el impacto de dispositivos educativos sobre la prevención, implicando por ejemplo, una herramienta educativa que hemos tratado en especial : la meditación. ; Atualmente, o engajamento de pessoas em radicalismo violento, político ou religioso, ameaça a segurança pública. Para contribuir a resolver esses problemas transcontinentais, vários países implementaram programas para a prevenção primária das radicalizações violentas (RV), onde o sistema de justiça desempenha um papel preponderante. No entanto, as avaliações, nem sempre rigorosas, tendem a mostrar a ineficiência e até mesmo a provável contraprodução dessas ações. A problemática deste artigo teórico diz respeito a como implementar uma prevenção eficaz das RV e avaliar cientificamente sua eficácia (quais indicadores considerar ?). Na primeira parte argumentamos, com base na literatura psicológica, parcialmente dedicada ao terrorismo islâmico, que o dogmatismo e a necessidade de fechamento constituem uma característica das mentes radicalizadas. Então, com base nisso e em uma conceituação prévia, apresentamos um modelo teórico pioneiro no qual a RV aparece como algo que fecha a mente, enquanto a prevenção efetiva, ao contrário, representaria a mente aberta. Depois disso, discutimos sobre as ligações entre abertura, saúde, responsabilidade (ética) e meditação. Deduzimos disso a importância de incluir a educação à saúde como um meio efetivo de prevenção primária das RV, com a finalidade da responsabilidade. Nosso modelo abre novas perspectivas tanto para a educação quanto para a pesquisa. Ele contém indicadores psicológicos mensuráveis e operacionais que podem ser usados para estudar empiricamente o impacto de dispositivos educacionais na prevenção, por exemplo, envolvendo uma ferramenta educacional que estudamos particularmente : a meditação. ; Nowadays the engagement of people in political or religious violent radicalism threatens public security. To help to solve these transcontinental problems, many countries implemented programs for the primary prevention of violent radicalization (VR), where the justice system played a leading role. However, the not-always-rigorous evaluations still tend to show the inefficiency and even the probable counter-productivity of these actions. The problematic of our theoretical article thus concerns how to implement effective prevention and scientifically evaluate its impact (which indicators to consider ?). In the first part we argue, based on the psychological literature partly dedicated to Islamist terrorism, that dogmatism and need for closure constitute a characteristic of radicalized minds. Then, on this basis and the one of a previous conceptualization, we present a pioneering theoretical model in which VR appears to close the mind, whereas effective prevention would occur on the contrary open the mind. After that, we argue about the links between openness, health, responsibility (ethics) and meditation. From this, we deduce the importance of including health education, with the purpose of responsibility, as an effective way of VR primary prevention. Our model opens up new perspectives for both education and research. It contains measurable and operational psychological indicators that can be used to study the impact of educational devices on prevention empirically, for example involving an educational tool that we have particularly studied : meditation.
