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Vladimir Nabokov (1899-1977), American writer of Russian origin, was the author of fiction written first in Russian and then in American English. His work has been a constant source of fascination for his readers, but their interpretation has been limited by its reception. Upon the publication of Lolita (1955), Nabokov is seen as a precursor of American postmodernism. His writings are interpreted as the climax of the modernist quest for artistic autonomy and a triumph of autotelic creation, and a poetic of "tyranny" is identified in his work, with the author reigning supreme as an "absolute dictator."However, Nabokov had never ceased to be preoccupied with two political issues in 20th century History, which he continuously denounced in his writings: the issue of the submission of art to any kind of ideology and that of tyranny illustrated by the Nazi and Soviet political regimes. From the very beginning of his career, in his Russian texts and later in his American texts, Nabokov's work examines the consequences of the Bolshevik Revolution, seen as the historical event that changes the "distribution of the sensible" (J. Rancière) in the 20th century. The autotelic nature of his work, whose features should be defined in opposition to aesthetic forms that celebrate the commitment of art, actually indicates that Nabokov defines a new "politics of literature" (J. Rancière) based on emancipation, which Nabokov calls "a magic democracy" and considers to be a "critical art" whose aesthetic effect is predicated on its distance, thus including "in the form of the work the confrontation between what the world is and what the world may become" (J. Rancière). ; Écrite d'abord en russe puis en anglo-américain, l'œuvre romanesque de Vladimir Nabokov (1899-1977), écrivain américain d'origine russe, fascine ses lecteurs, mais leur participation à l'achèvement de cette œuvre artistique a été singulièrement restreinte par sa réception. La publication de Lolita (1955) le transforme en précurseur du postmodernisme américain. Aboutissement de la quête moderne de l'autonomie de l'art et triomphe de l'autotélisme artistique, sa création se trouve alors interprétée en poétique « tyrannique » sur laquelle règne l'auteur en « dictateur absolu ». Vladimir Nabokov, pourtant, n'a cessé d'identifier dans l'Histoire et de combattre dans son œuvre deux questions politiques du vingtième siècle : celle de la soumission de l'art à l'idéologie (quelle qu'en soit le nom) et celle de la tyrannie (actualisée par les régimes politiques nazi et soviétique). Dès l'origine, sa création de langue russe, puis anglo-américaine, est synchronisée avec les conséquences, tant en Russie qu'en Occident, de la Révolution bolchevique, l'événement historique qui change le « partage du sensible » (Jacques Rancière) vingtiémiste. La nature autotélique de sa création, dont les caractéristiques sont à redéfinir en opposition aux formes artistiques prônant l'engagement de l'art, indique en réalité que Nabokov propose une nouvelle « politique de la littérature » (Jacques Rancière) de l'émancipation qu'il a lui-même appelée du nom de « démocratie magique » et fait d'elle un « art critique » dont l'effet politique passe par sa distance esthétique, incluant « dans la forme de l'œuvre la confrontation de ce que le monde est avec ce que le monde pourrait être » (Jacques Rancière).

Vladimir Nabokov (1899-1977), American writer of Russian origin, was the author of fiction written first in Russian and then in American English. His work has been a constant source of fascination for his readers, but their interpretation has been limited by its reception. Upon the publication of Lolita (1955), Nabokov is seen as a precursor of American postmodernism. His writings are interpreted as the climax of the modernist quest for artistic autonomy and a triumph of autotelic creation, and a poetic of "tyranny" is identified in his work, with the author reigning supreme as an "absolute dictator."However, Nabokov had never ceased to be preoccupied with two political issues in 20th century History, which he continuously denounced in his writings: the issue of the submission of art to any kind of ideology and that of tyranny illustrated by the Nazi and Soviet political regimes. From the very beginning of his career, in his Russian texts and later in his American texts, Nabokov's work examines the consequences of the Bolshevik Revolution, seen as the historical event that changes the "distribution of the sensible" (J. Rancière) in the 20th century. The autotelic nature of his work, whose features should be defined in opposition to aesthetic forms that celebrate the commitment of art, actually indicates that Nabokov defines a new "politics of literature" (J. Rancière) based on emancipation, which Nabokov calls "a magic democracy" and considers to be a "critical art" whose aesthetic effect is predicated on its distance, thus including "in the form of the work the confrontation between what the world is and what the world may become" (J. Rancière). ; Écrite d'abord en russe puis en anglo-américain, l'œuvre romanesque de Vladimir Nabokov (1899-1977), écrivain américain d'origine russe, fascine ses lecteurs, mais leur participation à l'achèvement de cette œuvre artistique a été singulièrement restreinte par sa réception. La publication de Lolita (1955) le transforme en précurseur du postmodernisme américain. ...