Suchergebnisse

Chapter 1: Women, war and political violence -- Chapter 2: Researching non-state political violence -- Chapter 3: Individual motivations -- Chapter 4: Organisational characteristics -- Chapter 5: Security context -- Chapter 6: Societal factors -- Chapter 7: Female fighters in the Lebanese civil war and beyond -- Appendix -- Index.

In den letzten Jahren haben Debatten über die Positionalität von Forscher*innen in akademischen Kreisen zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Trotz dieser verstärkten Fokussierung auf Fragen nach der Auswirkung von deren Anwesenheit auf den Forschungsprozess und -ergebnis gibt es weiterhin Themen, die tendenziell gemieden werden, so etwa die Auswirkung von Alkohol auf den Forschungsprozess. In vorliegenden Veröffentlichungen werden zwar verschiedene Aspekte in Bezug darauf erörtert, wie Forschende mit Alkoholkonsum während der Feldforschung umgehen. Es wird jedoch nicht auf die Rolle von Religion eingegangen, eine bemerkenswerte Lücke angesichts der Prävalenz religiöser Gründe für Abstinenz. In diesem Artikel bauen wir daher auf vorhandene Literatur auf und diskutieren zwei Fallstudien mit einem Schwerpunkt auf Religion, die dazu beitragen, das Verständnis der Rolle von Alkoholkonsum und Abstinenz während der Feldforschung zu vertiefen. Basierend auf einem kollaborativen autoethnografischen Ansatz sowie unseren Feldforschungserfahrungen als muslimische Frau im Libanon und christlicher Mann in Vietnam diskutieren wir, wie Religion das Verhältnis mit Forschungsteilnehmenden sowie Insider-/Outsider-Dynamiken während der Feldforschung beeinflusst. Wir schließen mit Empfehlungen, wie akademische Einrichtungen Studierende und Mitarbeiter*innen (unabhängig von deren [nicht-] religiöser Identität) besser unterstützen können, wenn es darum geht, mit Alkoholkonsum während der Feldforschung - und darüber hinaus - umzugehen.

This article contributes to the growing literature on researcher reflexivity by broaching the often-ignored issue of religious positionalities within political science, as well as speaking to the methodological implications of researching religion more broadly. We present and compare two autoethnographic case studies of research on politico-religious conflict in Vietnam and Lebanon, exploring how a researcher's religiosity presents unique fieldwork challenges, opportunities and insights. We then discuss the ambivalence faced by religious researchers within the highly secularised academic environment, thus blurring the artificial dichotomy between 'the field' and the academy. Our reflections centre around three findings: (1) the importance of taking an intersectional approach which neither essentialises nor ignores religious aspects of positionality, whilst also being sensitive to spatial and temporal shifts in how they interact with a researcher's gender, ethnicity, class and other identifiers; (2) the opportunities and perils of a researcher's apparent religious common ground with participants (or lack thereof) in building rapport and negotiating a degree of insider status; and (3) the similarities and differences between suspicions of religious partialism during fieldwork and within academia.

We argue that rebel groups with a higher share of female fighters carry out more lethal terrorist operations using more female perpetrators. Rebels have incentives to exploit gender-specific tactical and propaganda advantages of their female operatives in terrorist operations to cause more damage to the opponents and to attract support. Gender stereotypes make female fighters more effective in terrorist operations, and common media narratives on female perpetrators discredit the government and allow rebels to shame men and encourage other female sympathizers to take up arms. We test this mechanism using casual mediation analysis against new data on the prevalence of female fighters in terrorist operations on a sample of 186 rebel groups fighting in civil wars. We find robust empirical evidence that rebels with a higher prevalence of female fighters employ a higher share of females in terrorist attacks leading to more lethal terrorist violence.

We argue that rebel groups with a higher share of female fighters carry out more lethal terrorist operations using more female perpetrators. Rebels have incentives to exploit gender-specific tactical and propaganda advantages of their female operatives in terrorist operations to cause more damage to the opponents and to attract support. Gender stereotypes make female fighters more effective in terrorist operations, and common media narratives on female perpetrators discredit the government and allow rebels to shame men and encourage other female sympathizers to take up arms. We test this mechanism using casual mediation analysis against new data on the prevalence of female fighters in terrorist operations on a sample of 186 rebel groups fighting in civil wars. We find robust empirical evidence that rebels with a higher prevalence of female fighters employ a higher share of females in terrorist attacks leading to more lethal terrorist violence.

Although often overlooked and underestimated in official accounts, female activists play an important role in human rights and liberation movements worldwide. While women's roles and experiences in the struggle for rights and liberation worldwide have been discussed in numerous publications, there is a lack of academic literature on the roles of women in the Baloch movement in Pakistan. Using a collaborative autoethnographic, dialogic approach, this article, which is based on a conversation between three researchers, practitioners and activists from Balochistan, other parts of Pakistan, and Europe, explores the motivations and experiences of women defending the human rights of the Baloch people in Pakistan, as well as possibilities for various types of solidarities (based on international, feminist, Muslim and interethnic alliances) in Pakistan and beyond. It shows how gender, age, ethnicity, class and location impact female activists' experiences of activism, and outlines challenges and opportunities when it comes to building national and international alliances in support of the movement for Baloch rights in Pakistan.

Abstract
This article introduces Religion & Development as a new transdisciplinary journal focusing on the nexus between religion and development. It outlines the motivation for establishing the new periodical along three central themes: the move towards sustainable development as dominant development paradigm; the reinvigoration of the post-development debate; and the emerging academic, policy and practice field of religion and development. The discussion proceeds to highlight the envisaged task of the journal as well as its transdisciplinary and collaborative span. Moreover, it delineates Religion & Development's core editorial policies, before setting the scene for the contributions of the journal's first issue.

« This book investigates the pervasive problem of corruption across the Middle East and North Africa. Drawing on the specifics of the local context, the book explores how corruption in the region is actuated through informal practices that coexist and work in parallel to formal institutions. When informal practices become vehicles for corruption, they can have negative ripple effects across many aspects of society, but on the other hand, informal practices could also have the potential to be leveraged to reinforce formal institutions to help fight corruption. Drawing on a range of cases including Morocco, Lebanon, Turkey, Jordan, Tunisia or Israel the book first explores the mechanisms and dynamics of corruption and informal practices in the region, before looking at the successes and failures of anti-corruption initiatives. The final section focuses on gender perspectives on corruption, which are often overlooked in corruption literature, and the role of women in the Middle East. With insights drawn from a range of disciplines, this book will be of interest to researchers and students across political science, philosophy, socio-legal studies, public administration, and Middle Eastern studies, as well as to policy makers and practitioners working in the region « (Verlagsbeschreibung)