Suchergebnisse

The authors present patterns of drug use during the political and social transition periods in Hungary, Romania and Moldova. During the 1990s, each country witnessed major changes in the proliferation of various deviant behaviour patterns. These changes remain rather difficult to interpret and often reveal conflicting tendencies. Available statistical data and research results vary from country to country. On the basis of the information available, we can conclude that the era following the political transitions is characterised by an increase in drug-related problems. Although the extent of illicit drug use is probably much smaller than the extent of many other social problems, the novel nature of the drug problem and its extreme growth in the 1990s make it more of a social issue in all three countries.

The Covid-19 outbreak and the lockdown have had significant psychological and social impactson everyone's life. Changing life circumstances and daily routines, job losses, uncertainty, haveput a psychological strain on us. As a consequence, we may experience risk behaviours moreoften than before. The aim of the study is to analyse how risk behaviours have changed due toCovid-19 among university students in Hungary, and to identify the psycho-social factors along which the shift can be explained. The analysis is based on the data of 'Covid-19 InternationalStudent Well-Being Study' – a study initiated and coordinated by the University of Antwerpeninvolving 75 universities from 26 countries. Four Hungarian universities – Corvinus Universityof Budapest, the University of Debrecen, the University of Miskolc, and the University of Szegedparticipated in the study. The survey was conducted among all university students who filledin an online questtioannaire in Spring 2020. Our results show that all risk behavoiurs havedeclined during the Covid-19 period. However, students who had had consumed drug beforeCovid-19 have been using them more frequently during the pandemic. Our results suggest thatthe recreational use have probably declined and the problematic use have probably increasedamong university students during the pandemic. Our results highlight the fact that students forwhom the crisis situation imposed by the quarantine was hard to handle are more likely to usesubstances more frequently, so offering them prevention and treatment options is crucial.

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and alcohol dependence (AD) in particular, are prevalent and associated with a large burden of disability and mortality. The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence of AD in the European Union (EU), Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland for the year 2010, and to investigate potential influencing factors. The 1-year prevalence of AD in the EU was estimated at 3.4% among people 18-64 years of age in Europe (women 1.7%, men 5.2%), resulting in close to 11 million affected people. Taking into account all people of all ages, AD, abuse and harmful use resulted in an estimate of 23 million affected people. Prevalence of AD varied widely between European countries, and was significantly impacted by drinking cultures and social norms. Correlations with level of drinking and other drinking variables and with major known outcomes of heavy drinking, such as liver cirrhosis or injury, were moderate. These results suggest a need to rethink the definition of AUDs.

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and alcohol dependence (AD) in particular, are prevalent and associated with a large burden of disability and mortality. The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence of AD in the European Union (EU), Iceland, Norway, and Switzerland for the year 2010, and to investigate potential influencing factors. The 1-year prevalence of AD in the EU was estimated at 3.4% among people 18–64 years of age in Europe (women 1.7%, men 5.2%), resulting in close to 11 million affected people. Taking into account all people of all ages, AD, abuse and harmful use resulted in an estimate of 23 million affected people. Prevalence of AD varied widely between European countries, and was significantly impacted by drinking cultures and social norms. Correlations with level of drinking and other drinking variables and with major known outcomes of heavy drinking, such as liver cirrhosis or injury, were moderate. These results suggest a need to rethink the definition of AUDs.