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The challenge of security has all over the world been in existence over the centuries. The major concern of all is that, the current security challenges especially in developing countries like Nigeria have taken some new dimensions that expose the limit of the authorities to deal with it. Records have shown that the multi-dimensional global security issues that affect both material and non material aspects have made nations (of the world) busy to tackle. Nigeria as a country facing quite a number of other social issues is bedeviled with such security challenges as ethno-religious crises and militancy, political conflicts, terrorism, assassinations and kidnapping of unprecedented amount. In this study, some conceptual and theoretical as well as empirical issues were identified in a number of related studies. Issues related to SALWs; smuggling and security challenges; theoretical issues on the implications of porous land borders and proliferation of SALWs for Nigeria's security are reviewed. However, it is pertinent to state that the vast of the available related literature cannot be contained within the limited scope of this work. Therefore, the work presents only texts that are explicitly critical and centrally relevant to the study of smuggling and proliferation of SALW and how the phenomena contest Nigeria's security landscape.

The incidence of drug abuse has become a problem that affects every country across the globe. The intake of substances affects both the physical and mental health of the users and the general public. Many people suffer from various health impairments such as hepatitis, heart attacks, respiratory infections, cancer, and neurological problems that lead to incapacitation and even death. The same thing applies to mental health issues like schizophrenia, anxiety, neuroses, psychoses, depression, and other mental illnesses. These problems have occurred due to the frequent intake of illicit drugs such as opioids and prescription over-the-counter drugs. The available literature reviewed shows the prevalence of drug abuse in the global sphere and Nigeria in particular. The study also shows how the problems become out of control as a result of either corruption among the security agents, drug trafficking and smuggling, or the amount of money involved in the business, which makes the drug barons devise many ways of accessing the drugs whenever the law enforcement agencies try to stop them. The present study investigates the effects of substance abuse on the health of users in Nigeria; the health consequences; the recent trend of substance abuse among youth; and the measures taken by the government to stop the menace. Both primary and secondary sources of data were utilised to collect data through textbooks, journals, internet sources, government and non-governmental agencies' reports, newspapers, and periodicals.