Suchergebnisse

The duty to promote the success of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole is the modern version of the duty of loyalties owed by directors, which is codified in 2006 under section 172 of The Company Act. The section makes various impacts on the directors, shareholders, stakeholders, employees, the community and the business in relation to paying more attention to stakeholders' interests and benefits during corporate decision-making process. Some academicians state that the section has same approach regarding the 'promote the success of the company'; however, others state the section is the modern, new, or modified version of the pre-existing law. Therefore 'the company's success', 'good faith', 'benefit members as a whole' are needed to be evaluated in a wide range. The proposal put forward an idea is that adequately determines the necessity of the Government to strengthen the protection of stakeholders' interests in companies and still the interests of shareholders are left wholly to the discretion of directors not to any acts. ; 2006 tarihli İngiltere Şirketler Kanunu 172. maddesince düzenlenen şirketin bir bütün olarak başarılı şekilde faaliyet göstermesinin sağlanması görevi müdürlerin özen borcunun güncel halidir. İlgili madde kurumsal karar alma sürecinde pay sahiplerinin menfaatlerine ve çıkarlarına daha fazla dikkat etmek için müdürler, pay sahipleri, işçiler, toplum ve faaliyet üzerinde çeşitli etkiler yaratmaktadır. Bazı akademisyenler maddenin, müdürün şirketin başarılı bir şekilde faaliyet göstermesini sağlama görevi ile benzer olduğunu; bazılarının ise eski maddenin güncellenmiş, değiştirilmiş, yeni ve modern hali olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Bu sebeple şirketin başarılı bir şekilde faaliyet göstermesi, iyi niyet, ortakların bir bütün olarak menfaat sağlaması kavramlarının geniş bir şekilde yorumlanması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma devletin açık bir şekilde pay sahiplerinin şirketteki menfaatlerini daha güçlü hale getirmesine ihtiyaç olduğu ve madde ile pay sahiplerinin çıkarlarının halen kanuna değil müdürlerin kararlarına bağlı olduğu görüşünü ileri sürmektedir.

Bu makalede özgürlük ve güvenlik ilişkisi anayasal-demokratik bir rejim standartları açısından irdelenmektedir. Son yıllarda dünya çapında yaygınlaşan ve yoğunlaşan terörü öne süren birçok devlet özgürlükleri aşırı ölçüde kısıtlama eğilimine girmiştir. Özgürlükleri devlet güvenliği için feda etmeyi onaylayan bu güvenlikçi gidişin frenlenmesi için özgürlükçü-demokratik hukuk devletine öncelik tanıyan yeni bir bakışa ihtiyaç vardır. Bu ise anayasal-demokratik devlet anlayışına uygun olarak, güvenlik mülâhazasıyla özgürlüklerin sınırlanması söz konusu olduğunda yasama ve yargı organlarının "özgürlük karinesi"ni temel ilke olarak benimsemelerini gerektirmektedir. ; The subject-matter of this article is to consider relationship between liberty and security from a constitutional-democratic point of view. In recent years as terrorism becomes a world-wide and profound phenomenon, governments incline to overstep the reasonable limits of restricting civil liberties. In order to check this temptation on part of governments that subscribes to sacrifice liberty for state security we need a new perspective that gives priority to liberty. This, in turn, demands, in a constitutional-democratic regime, that in limiting liberties with genuine security concerns legislators and judges adopt "presumption of liberty" as the guiding principle along with proportionality.

"Islamic revival" after 1950 and "Islamic fundamentalism" after the national elections of December 1995 have been regarded by the state elite and by scholars as a threat to the secular republic and an accidental, even pathological, phenomenon. The author argues that this approach is erroneous, because Islam is embedded in Turkish society, not only as a religious faith but also as a code of conduct. The republican history shows that it is impossible to undermine the Islamic social base. So the author concludes: "Turkey's political elite must learn to live with Islam. If Turkey really wants to be a democracy, it will do so successfully only with Islam, not by attempting to cast it off." (DÜI-Cls)

Managing of natural resources including agriculture and forestry is a very important subject for governments and decision makers. Up-to-date, accurate, and timely geospatial information about natural resources is needed in the management process. Remote sensing technology plays a significant role in the production of this geospatial information. Compared to terrestrial work, the analysis of larger areas with remote sensing techniques can be done on a shorter timescale and at lower cost. Image classification in remote sensing is one of the most popular methods used for the detection of forest and agricultural areas. However, the accuracy of classification changes according to the source and reference data, the classification method, and the producers knowledge and experience. In this research, the identification of forests and agricultural areas was studied in terms of both their geometry and attribution using different classification methods and different source data. Landsat, Aster, and RapidEye images, which have different spatial and spectral resolution, were used as the source data. Pixel- and object-based classification algorithms were also tested. Classification accuracy results were evaluated at 300 stratified random pixels. It was found that the best overall accuracy was obtained from Aster imagery with object-based classification using the nearest neighbor method. The results also showed that spatial resolution is important for discrimination of classes and spectral resolution is important for definition of features, and confirmed the well-established paradigm of remote sensing that there are no perfect source data or method of classification for all situations