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Engraved title-page by Isaac Briot; illustrated with copper engravings; woodcut head- and tail-pieces; decorative initials. ; Signatures: ã² ẽ² [sec.]² A⁴ B-2X². ; Pages [1]-[8] (second series) numbered as leaves 1-4. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Bound in limp vellum; ink title on spine; bookplate on front pastedown.

We report a measurement of the E-mode polarization power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using 150 GHz data taken from 2014 July to 2016 December with the POLARBEAR experiment. We reach an effective polarization map noise level of 32 mu K-arcmin across an observation area of 670 square degrees. We measure the EE power spectrum over the angular multipole range 500 <= l < 3000, tracing the third to seventh acoustic peaks with high sensitivity. The statistical uncertainty on E-mode bandpowers is similar to 2.3 mu K-2 at l similar to 1000, with a systematic uncertainty of 0.5 mu K-2. The data are consistent with the standard Lambda CDM cosmological model with a probability-to-exceed of 0.38. We combine recent CMB E-mode measurements and make inferences about cosmological parameters in.CDM as well as in extensions to Lambda CDM. Adding the ground-based CMB polarization measurements to the Planck data set reduces the uncertainty on the Hubble constant by a factor of 1.2 to H-0 = 67.20 +/- 0.57 km s(-1) Mpc(-1). When allowing the number of relativistic species (N-eff) to vary, we find N-eff = 2.94 +/- 0.16, which is in good agreement with the standard value of 3.046. Instead allowing the primordial helium abundance (Y-He) to vary, the data favor Y-He = 0.248 +/- 0.012. This is very close to the expectation of 0.2467 from big bang nucleosynthesis. When varying both Y-He and N-eff, we find N-eff = 2.70 +/- 0.26 and Y-He = 0.262 +/- 0.015. ; National Science Foundation (NSF) AST-0618398 AST-1212230 Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation 4633 Simons Foundation 034079 Templeton Foundation 58724 Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) University of Melbourne Australian Research Council FT150100074 JSPS Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers (LEADER) Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) 18K13558 18H04347 19H00674 JP16K21744 18H05539 JP26800125 JP26220709 JP15H05891 JP26105519 ASI-COSMOS Network INDARK INFN Initiative European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC grant 616170 UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) ST/P000525/1 CONICYT UC Berkeley-Chile Seed Grant (CLAS fund) 77047 Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 1130777 1171811 DFI postgraduate scholarship program DFI Postgraduate Competitive Fund Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) CGIAR Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) JSPS Core-to-Core Program, A. Advanced Research Networks Kyoto University Labex Univearths grant Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Ax Center for Experimental Cosmology at UC San Diego United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-05CH11231 United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-05CH11231 JP14J01662 JP18J02133

We present a measurement of theB-mode polarization power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using data taken from 2014 July to 2016 December with thePolarbearexperiment. The CMB power spectra are measured using observations at 150 GHz with an instantaneous array sensitivity of