Suchergebnisse

The presence of aflatoxins in silage and grains intended for feeding lactating ruminants entails a problem for animal health and milk safety. The objective of this study was to determine the aflatoxin B1 content in feed consumed by goats from four goat milk production units in the Mexican highlands (MHL). Samples (n= 47) of concentrates and 29 samples of silage from four goat milk production units in the Mexican Highlands (MHL) were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), using a reversed-phase column and fluorescence detection after the derivatization of aflatoxins. The results showed that 38.29 % and 31.02 % of the concentrate and silage samples, respectively, had AfB1 levels above the maximum permissible limit established by the European Union (EU) (0.05 µg/kg); while 29.78 % and 10.34 % for concentrates and silage, respectively, presented values higher than the 20 µg/kg proposed by the official Mexican standard. The results obtained corroborate the current problem of the presence of aflatoxins in the diet of lactating goats, as this toxin can be metabolized into aflatoxin M1 and affect the safety of milk and milk derivatives. ; La presencia de aflatoxinas en el ensilaje y en granos que se destinan para la alimentación de los rumiantes en lactación representa un problema para la salud animal y la inocuidad de la leche. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el contenido de aflatoxina B1 en alimentos consumidos por cabras procedentes de cuatro unidades de producción de leche caprina del altiplano mexicano (APM). Un total de 47 muestras de concentrados y 29 muestras de ensilados procedentes de cuatro unidades de producción de leche caprina del Altiplano Mexicano (APM). Se analizaron 47 muestras de concentrados y 29 muestras de ensilados por Cromatografía de Líquidos de Alta Resolución (HPLC), empleando una columna de fase reversa y detección por fluorescencia previa derivatización de las aflatoxinas. Los resultados mostraron que el 38.29 % y 31.02 % de las muestras de concentrados y ...

Aflatoxins are toxic substances produced by some species of fungi that pose a serious danger to human health, especially aflatoxin B1, which is one of the main analytes found in foods and is classified as carcinogenic. The objective of this study was to provide information on the presence of total aflatoxins in spices, ingredients and spice mixtures used for the formulation of meat products and meat products marketed in Mexico City, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Fifty samples were analyzed for total aflatoxins. Sixty-one percent of spices and ingredients were positive for total aflatoxins in concentrations of 0.07 to 4.24 μg/kg; 75 % of spice mixtures were positive, in quantities of 0.6 to 1.9 μg/kg and only 3.5 % of meat products were positive for total aflatoxins. The samples with the highest prevalence of total aflatoxins were chili and paprika. All results showed concentrations below the maximum limit set by the European Union of 10 to 20 μg/kg for total aflatoxins, which does not constitute a current public health problem under the conditions analyzed. It is recommended to use the ELISA system as a screening method and subsequent confirmation by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, as well as to have a monitoring program to evaluate the presence of aflatoxins and other mycotoxins; there is also a need for an official Mexican regulation for mycotoxins in spices considering the high consumption of chili in the Mexican population. ; Las aflatoxinas son sustancias tóxicas producidas por algunas especies de hongos que suponen un grave peligro para la salud humana, en especial la aflatoxina B1 que es uno de los principales analitos encontrados en alimentos y está catalogado como cancerígeno. El objetivo de este estudio fue proporcionar información sobre la presencia de aflatoxinas totales en especias, ingredientes y mezclas de especias usados para la formulación de productos cárnicos y productos cárnicos comercializados en la Ciudad de México, empleando un método de ...

AbstractWe here report of a conference about "Pesticides in Soil, Groundwater and Food in Latin America as part of One Health" that took place at the "IV Seminario Internacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (SISA)" in Varadero, Cuba, 8–12 May 2023. Researchers of Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico) and Switzerland (workshop initiator) held presentations about occurrence and effects of pesticides on the environment, human health, the replacement of highly hazardous pesticides (HHP) by agroecological alternatives and the agri-food value chain. In a subsequent round table discussion, the presenters identified deficits, needs, interests and opportunities. According to them, the lack of awareness of pesticide use affects the health and safety of workers applying the chemicals. Despite Latin America representing the main agricultural area in the world with a very intense pesticide use, monitoring data of pesticides in soil, surface and groundwaters, food, as well as in humans are missing. Risks of pesticides to humans should be assessed so that authorities can withdraw or limit within "short time" the access to corresponding formulations on the market. Also, communication is not state of the art and should be improved as, e.g. the teaching of workers and farmers, how to correctly use and apply pesticides or the briefing of decision makers. Pollinators suffer from multiple stressors not the least due to pesticides, and alternatives are badly needed. On the technical side, the different analytical methods to determine residues of active ingredients and transformation products in matrices of concern should be harmonized among laboratories.Seven future actions and goals were identified to overcome the above deficits. Next steps after the publishing of this conference report are to harmonize and complete the information status of the presenters by exchanging the results/data already present. Therefore, a platform of interaction to address issues described above and to enhance collaboration shall be created. Samples of different matrices shall be exchanged to harmonize the chemical analysis and establish interlaboratory comparisons. Such activities might be facilitated by joining international associations or organizations, where researchers can offer their expertise, or by forming a new pesticide network for Central and South America that could present tailored projects to national and international organizations and funding agencies.