Suchergebnisse

El Estado de Bienestar Habilitante Nórdico ha sido propuesto como modalidad para proseguir el desarrollo de la socialdemocracia. Un rasgo clave de esta propuesta dice relación con el fortalecimiento de las capacidades humanas sobre la base de "servicios públicos cultores de capacidades". Esto se entrecruza sistémicamente con el desarrollo económico y tecnológico de una sociedad del conocimiento dinámica e innovadora, permitiendo hacer frente con éxito a nuevos desafíos y exigencias. La revisión teórica que lleva cabo el presente artículo tiene como propósito poner al descubierto los rasgos centrales de las complejas dinámicas que concurren en el fenómeno indicado. Asimismo, contribuye a un abordaje teórico serio en torno a la relevancia para América Latina, en un sentido amplio, del Estado de Bienestar Habilitante Nórdico y su desarrollo de las capacidades humanas, y, de modo particular, a la revitalización de los debates socialdemócratas de la región.

Background. Invasive salmonellosis is a common community-acquired bacteremia in persons residing in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is a paucity of data on severe typhoid fever and its associated acute and chronic host immune response and carriage. The Severe Typhoid Fever in Africa (SETA) program, a multicountry surveillance study, aimed to address these research gaps and contribute to the control and prevention of invasive salmonellosis. Methods. A prospective healthcare facility–based surveillance with active screening of enteric fever and clinically suspected severe typhoid fever with complications was performed using a standardized protocol across the study sites in Burkina Faso, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, and Nigeria. Defined inclusion criteria were used for screening of eligible patients for enrollment into the study. Enrolled patients with confirmed invasive salmonellosis by blood culture or patients with clinically suspected severe typhoid fever with perforation were eligible for clinical follow-up. Asymptomatic neighborhood controls and immediate household contacts of each case were enrolled as a comparison group to assess the level of Salmonella-specific antibodies and shedding patterns. Healthcare utilization surveys were performed to permit adjustment of incidence estimations. Postmortem questionnaires were conducted in medically underserved areas to assess death attributed to invasive Salmonella infections in selected sites. Results. Research data generated through SETA aimed to address scientific knowledge gaps concerning the severe typhoid fever and mortality, long-term host immune responses, and bacterial shedding and carriage associated with natural infection by invasive salmonellae. Conclusions. SETA supports public health policy on typhoid immunization strategy in Africa.

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study assessed the oral health status, dental utilization and dental needs of the homebound elderly (HBE) care patients within the Mount Sinai Visiting Doctor program.MethodsOf the 334 eligible patients, 57% agreed to participate and 95.4% completed the clinical examinations, the Dental Utilization and Needs survey and Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index conducted in each subject's home by a trained research team.ResultsAmong 75% who were dentate subjects, 40% needed restorative dental care, 45.6% needed dental extractions, and 33% complained of current oral pain. Overall, 92.0% needed some type of dental care and 96% stated that they had not seen a dentist since they became homebound (mean number of years in program = 3.2 ± 2.58).ConclusionFindings show the oral health status of these homebound elderly was poor and their quality of life was significantly affected by the lack of basic dental care.