Suchergebnisse

If we look at an Antipodes World Map, Europe and Australasia are relatively close, so much so that New Zealand and Spain share a virtual territory. Thinking about antipodes, remoteness implies coincidence and distance brings countries closer together. This paper aims to track the spread that modern Australian architecture reached in some of the main European nodes of reception and emission of news: France, Great Britain, Italy, Switzerland and Spain. Based on articles published in the architectural periodicals of the moment, it will establish which aspects of Australian architecture mattered in these countries. More importantly, these cases can be compared with each other and, as a whole, with the interest that other closer continents aroused in Europe. Did distance play the same role in all cases? Or had any other circumstances, such as politics or economics, more weight in the rapprochement between countries? Is the presence of Australian architecture in modern canonical historiography the direct result of these exchanges of information? In short, does historiography have a debt to distance?

With a country ravaged by the Civil War (1936-1939) and internationally ostracised, Spain set about its reconstruction remembering 'glorious' moments in the history of the nation. In architecture, the government promoted the search for a national style, which reproduced past architectures in official buildings, while local folklore was used to 'decorate' regional works. However, as the 1940s progressed, some Spanish architects began to propose other alternatives. Tradition and a return to origins became subjects of debate in the mass media. Initially focused on finding their own identity, in less than ten years they began to take an interest in foreign trends and participate in international discussions. The translation of the renowned article 'Stocktaking' by Reyner Banham (The Architectural Review, February 1960) in the Madrid magazine Arquitectura, instigated a discussion that would extend throughout the 1960s. It focused the Spanish gaze on technological proposals, that were completely at odds with the reality of the nation. Due to its technological backwardness, Spain had to focus its attention on much more advanced countries. Architects could have looked to England or Germany, but their interest was in much further away places: Australia and Japan. Based on the articles published in the main Spanish periodicals of the moment, this paper aims to take a journey through the evolution that took place within Spanish architecture, from the most conservative tradition to the defence of technology over other aspects of architecture. The tradition-technology duality (present in Banham's article) will accompany the opinions expressed by the authors and will reflect the true debate that was promoted by the magazines: the exaltation of rural life as opposed to industrialization and the idea of an advanced city, which, curiously, the Spanish architects preferred to seek in the Pacific. Modern architecture should present itself as the harmonious result of an appropriate original thought and an exact application of the ...

La vivienda social como paradigma de la modernidad ha sido ampliamente revisada en las publicaciones periódicas del siglo XX. En ellas se legitimaron los avances urbanos, tipológicos y formales del Movimiento Moderno. Por otra parte, Latinoamérica fue tierra fértil para el desarrollo de grandes conjuntos habitacionales a partir de la segunda mitad de siglo. En ese contexto, este artículo se centra en un caso particular, el de la vivienda social mexicana, y lo hace a través del reflejo que tuvo en los medios impresos en el momento de su edificación. Durante unos años, magníficas unidades habitacionales poblaron las páginas de las revistas foráneas en una época (1950-1968) en que la arquitectura mexicana gozó de enorme difusión internacional en las publicaciones no latinoamericanas. Se certificaba así al mundo que una de las principales demandas del momento —la vivienda— podía solucionarse desde los programas estatales de edificación social. ; Social housing as a paradigm of Modernity has been widely released in periodicals of twentieth century. Urban studies, typologies and formal proposals of Modern Movement were legitimated by them. Moreover, Latin-America has been propitious for the development of large social housing ensembles from the beginning of the second half of the century. Thus, this paper focuses on a particular case in the continent, Mexican social housing, and does it through its reflection on the media at the time of its construction.For a few years, magnificent dwelling units filled the pages of foreign magazines during a period (1950-1968) of huge international diffusion concerning Mexican architecture in no Latin-American periodicals. So certifying to world that one of the main requests of the moment, social housing, could be attending by Mexican government.

The journal Arquitectura was reissued in January 1959 as a mouthpiece of the Madrid Institute of Architects (COAM). This brought to an end the period of the Revista Nacional de Arquitectura, the journal which replaced it after the Civil War under the control of the Franco regime. Curiously, moving from one journal to another did not involve many changes in how it was managed, and it would remain for over a decade in the hands of Carlos de Miguel, its director since the late forties. Despite this 'apparent' continuity, the independence achieved from government bodies brought about important changes in focus, mechanisms and strategies of dissemination and architectural criticism. This paper aims to consider this shift in thinking, topics and agents by reviewing the 'Sesiones de Crítica de Arquitectura' (SCAs, Architecture Critic Sessions). These were regular meetings organized by Carlos de Miguel in which there were interactive debates about an issue, previously introduced by a speaker. The sessions started in 1951 and were held regularly all through the fifties. However, they were interrupted in the early sixties and later reorganized, but this time with significant differences with regard to the former period. The SCAs in the sixties were less frequent and included guest speakers with special expertise in the fields of design and social sciences. Urban conditions began to attract greater attention and, overall, disagreements and differences of approach and interests between the two generations who attended the meetings became evident: the older architects, who started the sessions as a discussion forum about tradition and modernity, and the younger ones, who called into question rational values of modernism defended by their masters and went for pursuing new perspectives in the development of architectural culture. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

ArchiteXt Mining: Spanish modern architecture through its texts (1939–1975) istraživački je projekt koji je financirala Vlada Španjolske putem poziva za "projekte izvrsnosti" Ministarstva gospodarstva i konkurentnosti 2015. godine. Projekt ima za cilj istražiti novo gledište i razmotriti posebnosti suvremene španjolske arhitekture. Unatoč sve većem uspjehu primjene analize podataka kao alata u nizu disciplina, istraživanja na području teorije arhitekture nikada se nisu najefikasnije koristila ovim tehnologijama. Španjolske i međunarodne okolnosti razvoja moderne arhitekture pomno su razmatrane kvalitativnim istraživanjem, koje je uspostavilo opće teorijske osnove. Sada je vrijeme za započinjanje novoga dubinskog istraživanja na temelju objektivnih podataka. Da bismo odgovorili na ovaj izazov, predlažemo primjenu tehnika "rudarenja teksta" (engl. text mining) kako bi se iskoristili najbolji izvori podataka na ovom području: arhitektonska periodika. Svrha je stvoriti snažnu bazu podataka koja će biti javno dostupna znanstvenoj zajednici na internetu. Dakle, ovaj projekt ispunjava nekoliko ciljeva e-istraživanja: olakšati informatizaciju istraživanja podataka, podržati svaku fazu prikupljanja podataka i upravljati analizama velikih podataka uz pomoć posebnih alata. ; ArchiteXt Mining: Spanish Modern Architecture through Its Texts (1939–1975) is a research project funded by the Government of Spain through the 2015 Call for "Excellence Projects" of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. This project aims to explore a new viewpoint and look into the special features of Spanish modern architecture. Despite the increasing success of using data analysis as a tool in a variety of disciplines, research on architectural theory has never made the most efficient use of these technologies. The Spanish and international circumstances of modern architecture development have been scrutinized through qualitative research, which has established a shared theoretical ground. It is now time to start a new in-depth research based on objective data. To address this challenge, we propose the application of text mining techniques to take advantage of the best data source in the field: architectural periodicals. The purpose is to create a powerful database hosted on a public website for the scientific community. Thus, this project fulfils several e-Research objectives: to facilitate the computerization of data research, to support every stageof data collection, and to manage big data analyses with thehelp of specific tools.