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The United Kingdom (UK) Government's strategic to meet the target of 15 per cent renewable of primary energy from final consumption by 2020, and help the delivery of carbon reductions, have introduced support mechanism. These support mechanism includes: Feed-in Tariffs (FiT), Renewable Obligation (RO) and Contracts for difference (CfD). The increase installation of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) plants and the competition between food and energy brought an important topic for discussion the full potential of solar farms. Once after installation of the infrastructure around 70% of ground remains available, so this project proposes and analyses the different approaches to land management. The land management suggestions are agricultural use (crops, grazing and beekeeping) and biodiversity use (hedgerows, security fencing, field margins, grassland (wildflowers meadow) and nest boxes). A number of impacts during the solar development cycle (development phase, construction phase and operational and maintenance phase (O&M) and the environmental, land-use, biodiversity and socio–economic impacts, are studied and analysed for each of the possible options for ground. The suitable use is selected by developers, so the impacts of the different land management studies on are devices to help them in this decision. Therefore any land management option, however expensive is their implementation or maintenance is preferable than just cutting the vegetation, where there is no land management use. ; Até 2020 cerca de 15% da energia primária consumida no Reino Unido terá de ser produzida a partir de fontes renováveis. Para ajudar a atingir essa meta, e de forma a reduzir as emissões de carbono, foram introduzidos mecanismos de suporte. Estes mecanismos incluem: FIT, RO e CFD. O aumento das instalações fotovoltaicas de grande escala e a competição entre alimentos e energias trouxeram um importante tópico de discussão: o potencial dos parques solares. Uma vez que após a instalação da estrutura cerca de 70% do terreno permanece disponível, este relatório de estágio propõe-se a analisar as diferentes abordagens da ocupação do solo. As diferentes ocupações do solo sugeridas são o uso agrícola (colheitas, pastoreio e apicultura) e para o uso da biodiversidade (sebes, cercas de segurança, margens de campo, pastagens (prado de flores silvestres) e ninhos para pássaros e morcegos). Sendo estudados e analisados uma série de impactos durante o processo de desenvolvimento de uma planta PV (fase de desenvolvimento, EPC, O&M) e os impactos: ambientais, estrutura do solo, biodiversidade e socioeconómicos, relativamente a cada uma das opções possíveis de ocupação de solo. Acabe aos planeadores a decisão da melhor ocupação do solo, sendo os impactos dispositivos que irão ajudar nessa decisão. Conclui-se que a opção de gestão da ocupação do solo, por mais dispendiosa que seja a sua implementação ou manutenção, é preferível do que unicamente a remoção da vegetação onde não há uso do solo.

Building on its predecessor, The International Handbook of Social Impact Assessment, this important new book outlines current developments in thinking in the field of Social Impact Assessment (SIA). It introduces and advances the theory and practice of SIA, and illustrates that a generational shift in the way socioeconomic studies and community participation is undertaken is required. The expert contributors - leading SIA practitioners - make recommendations for future improvement, taking an integrated approach to impact assessment and focusing on the goals of development rather than on 'prote

"This carefully conceived Handbook presents a state-of-the-art discussion of the field of social impact assessment (SIA), highlighting contemporary understandings and emerging issues in this continually evolving area of research and practice. Experienced SIA practitioners from around the world share their learnings and advice on a comprehensive range of issues faced in social performance practice. They explore how SIA has moved far beyond its original role as an ex-ante input into a regulatory environmental licensing process to now serving multiple stakeholders at all stages of the project lifecycle and seeking improved outcomes for host communities. The chapters also reveal how the field and practice of SIA connects with wider discourses, including: business and human rights; environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance; and social licence to operate. Providing an extensive overview of the field of SIA, this incisive Handbook is essential reading for: SIA practitioners; researchers of environmental sociology, environmental psychology, human geography, community psychology, or applied anthropology; and other people with an interest in the social impacts of projects. The Handbook's exploration of how SIA might contribute to better outcomes for communities and projects will also benefit individuals and organizations who commission and review EIAs and SIAs, environmental, social and community NGOs, as well as members of project-affected communities"--

The purpose of this Guidance Note is to provide advice to various stakeholders about what is expected in good practice social impact assessment (SIA) and social impact management processes, especially in relation to project development. Project development refers to dams, mines, oil and gas drilling, factories, ports, airports, pipelines, electricity transmission corridors, roads, railway lines and other infrastructure including large-scale agriculture, forestry and aquaculture projects. This Guidance Note builds on IAIA's (2003) International Principles for Social Impact Assessment. While the International Principles outline the overarching understandings of the SIA field, including the expected values of the profession, this document seeks to provide advice on good practice in the undertaking and appraisal of SIAs and the adaptive management of projects to address the social issues. As a statement of good and sometimes leading practice, not all the information in this document will necessarily be applicable in every situation – people utilising this information will need to establish for themselves what is appropriate in each particular context. The intended users of this document include: • SIA Practitioners/Consultants who want to know how their practice compares with international best practice; • Project Developers/Proponents (private sector or government) to assist them in evaluating SIA consultants and in knowing what to expect from consultants; • Regulatory agencies in terms of judging the quality and acceptability of SIA reports and in determining what procedures and expectations will be; • Social specialists in the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), such as the World Bank, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the African Development Bank (AfDB), European Bank of Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the European Investment Bank (EIB), and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB); • Social staff in other financial institutions, especially Equator Principles banks; • Development cooperation agencies; • Government planning agencies; • Communities and local peoples; • Civil society organizations; • People responsible for SIA regulatory frameworks.