Suchergebnisse

In her first report as WHO Regional Director for Europe Zsuzsanna Jakab describes what has been achieved in 2010-2011 by combining the forces of the WHO Regional Office for Europe and its 53 Member States to address the gaps in health and health-system development within and between countries epidemiological changes such as the epidemic of noncommunicable diseases in Europe and the challenges of the financial crisis and to take the opportunities offered by the value given to health as a driver of growth the strength of the scientific knowledge base and developments in information technology

This report presents the health status of Europe providing policy-makers and public health professionals with the epidemiological evidence base that underpins Health 2020 the new European policy framework. It describes the agreed approach to monitoring progress towards Health 2020 outlines the collaborative agenda to address the challenges ahead and makes the case for measuring well-being as a marker of progress in health

Antibiotics have revolutionized the treatment of infectious diseases. But their use and misuse have resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. This is now a significant health problem: each year in the European Union alone over 25 000 people die from infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is also a food safety problem: antibiotic use in food animals -for treatment disease prevention or growth promotion - allows resistant bacteria and resistance genes to spread from food animals to humans through the food-chain. This publication explores

Quelles étaient les tendances observées dans les indicateurs de la santé publique au cours de ces quatre dernières années ? Quels facteurs influencent la santé et quels sont les défis pour l'avenir ? Comment les systèmes de santé peuvent-ils contribuer à l'amélioration de la santé des populations de la Région européenne de l'OMS ? En répondant à ces questions, ce rapport présente les réformes de grande ampleur entreprises par les pays afin de renforcer la performance de quatre fonctions fondamentales des systèmes de santé: la prestation de services, l'obtention de ressources, le financement et

This book presents WHO guidelines for the protection of public health from a number of chemicals commonly present in indoor air. The substances considered - benzene carbon monoxide formaldehyde naphthalene nitrogen dioxide polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (especially benzo[a]pyrene) radon trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene -have indoor sources are known for their hazardousness to health and are often found indoors in concentrations of concern to health. For each substance the chapter covers a general description the sources and pathways of exposure the indoor-outdoor relationship kineti

The rate of acute drug-related mortality, or overdose deaths, among prisoners in the immediate post-release period is unacceptably high. Such incidents result from many factors, including decreased tolerance after a period of relative abstinence during imprisonment and the concurrent use of multiple drugs which, with every additional illicit drug consumed in combination with opioids, nearly doubles the risk of death from opioids. Other important factors are the lack of pre-release counselling, post-release follow-up and failure to identify those at risk. Substance dependence is a chronic disor

This report describes the progress made by WHO European Member States in improving their health and environment situations over the last 20 years. The assessment focuses on the aspects of health related to clean water and air, chemical safety, noise and safety at work, and environments supporting safe mobility and physical activity. These issues arise from the four regional priority goals of the Children's Environment and Health Action Plan for Europe (CEHAPE), agreed at the Fourth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health in 2004. Information collected by the European Environment and H

Environmental noise is a threat to public health, having negative impacts on human health and wellbeing. This book reviews the health effects of night time noise exposure, examines dose-effects relations, and presents interim and ultimate guideline values of night noise exposure. It offers guidance to the policy-makers in reducing the health impacts of night noise, based on expert evaluation of scientific evidence in Europe.The review of scientific evidence and the derivation of guideline values were conducted by outstanding scientists. The contents of the document were peer-reviewed and discu

This report presents essential public health information to support countries in choosing sound investments in health. It should encourage the successful implementation of effective health system reforms and policies, and help countries improve their health systems performance to provide efficient, patient-centred, high-quality health care. The annex provides some of the data used in the analysis

This report presents the status of road safety in the WHO European Region and provides a baseline assessment of how far 49 countries have come in implementing the recommendations of the World report on road traffic injury prevention. In the Region road crashes result annually in 120 000 deaths 2.4 million injuries and a great economic burden which may be up to 3% of a country s gross domestic product. Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among people 5-29 years old. Vulnerable road users such as pedestrians cyclists and users of motorized two-wheelers constitute 39% of all road

The Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health sets out key areas of daily living conditions and of the underlying structural drivers that influence them in which action is needed. It provides analysis of social determinants of health and concrete examples of actions that have proven effective in improving health and health equity in countries at all levels of socioeconomic development.Part 1 lays out the rationale for a global movement to advance health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Part 2 outlines the approach the Commission took to evidence

This Health Metrics Network assessment tool is intended to achieve more than simply assess the strengths and weaknesses of the elements and operations of a national HIS. The mere process of conducting the assessment reaches and engages all stakeholders in the system. In order to assist countries in this key activity Health Metrics Network has developed this assessment tool which describes in detail how to undertake a first baseline assessment. Some will interact for the very first time through the assessment process, which is intended to be both catalytic and synergistic. It should move stakeh

Countries in the WHO European Region are committed to transforming their mental health programmes and activities, shifting from institutional practices to person-centred community-based care. This WHO report co-funded by the European Commission gives an overview of policies and practices for mental health in 42 Member States of the European Region. A very large majority of countries have made significant progress over the past few years, and several are world leaders in mental health promotion, mental disorder prevention activities, service reform and human rights. Nevertheless, this report al