Suchergebnisse

La gouvernance est un terme polysémique qui naît dans l'univers des entreprises marchandes avant d'être mobilisé dans le contexte des organisations publiques. Après avoir rappelé brièvement l'histoire du concept, ainsi que la manière dont celui-ci est utilisé par les associations, l'auteur dégage trois perspectives ouvertes par les questions de gouvernance en lien avec l'évolution du modèle associatif. La première perspective repose sur la capacité des associations à s'engager sur des modèles multi-acteurs. La deuxième sur leur vocation à développer des démarches participatives à vocation inclusive pour accueillir les personnes les plus exclues de l'action publique. La troisième perspective témoigne d'un large mouvement de reconnaissance des communs. Au final, la gouvernance des associations apparait comme un espace doté d'une logique propre inaugurant un nouveau champ de recherche.

Cet article explore les articulations possibles entre la théorie des communs et celle de l'économie solidaire. Ces deux approches théoriques, tout en s'inscrivant dans des histoires et des démarches conceptuelles fort différentes, ont pour point commun de dépasser un cadre conceptuel uniquement fondé sur l'opposition et/ou la complémentarité entre le marché et l'Etat. L'article se base sur le terrain de recherche du Phares, à la fois coopérative (SCIC) et pôle territorial de coopération économique (PTCE) de la région parisienne, offrant la mutualisation d'un lieu de travail et des espaces collaboratifs à ses membres, des organisations de l'ESS. L'étude montre que la capacité du Phares à mettre en oeuvre une gouvernance collective et à produire du commun pour le territoire est déterminante pour articuler communs et économie solidaire.

La Réunion a connu trois périodes distinctes dans le développement de l'économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) entre 2000 et 2015. Dans un premier temps, les normes établies par les pouvoirs publics structurent le champ et lui permettent de s'ouvrir localement. La deuxième période voit des entrepreneurs de l'ESS utiliser les marges du système pour élaborer de nouveaux modèles organisationnels, mais le changement sociétal reste limité. La troisième étape est celle de la constitution de réseaux entrepreneuriaux animés par la volonté de changer les règles du jeu en s'appuyant sur la diversité des arrangements institutionnels et en développant un entrepreneuriat collectif. Dans cette recherche, les auteurs questionnent la capacité de ce dernier à être un vecteur du développement et de la vitalité de l'ESS à La Réunion.

This research benefited from the financial contribution of DARES (Ministry of Labour, Employment and Inclusion), as part of a collaborative economy research programme organised jointly by DREES (Ministry of Solidarity and Health) and DARES as part of the APR Collaborative Economy Forms and Social Protection. The TAPAS programme is led by Corinne Vercher-Chaptal, CEPN — Centre for Economics and Management (UMR CNRS 7234) of the Sorbonne Paris Nord University. It has mobilised a multidisciplinary research team (management, economics, sociology and law), which includes actors on the ground. The programme benefits from the partnership with the La Coop des Communs Platform Group (PEC). The TAPAS programme aims to deepen the distinction between "platform companies" and so-called "collaborative" or "alternative" platforms. While the former are characterised by vertical governance and ownership of most of the value created by the platform operator, alternative platforms organise themselves more horizontally and distribute bundles of rights over the resources created, following the logic of sharing commons. They draw a field that can emanate from purely commercial principles in order to better respond to the imperatives of social and environmental sustainability, by mobilising a plurality of economic principles and creating links with the initiatives of the digital community and the social and solidarity-based economy. The empirical study is based on nine in-depth case studies: CoopCycle, France Barter, Framasoft, Mobicoop, Birds of Passage, Open Food France, SoTicket, Tënk. The relevant monographs are included in the TAPAS collection made available on HAL.The analyses carried out by the team aim to provide information on the characteristics and conditions for the development of these alternative platforms (in terms of business models, governance and work), which can, through the solutions and innovations they bring, pre-empt the evolution of innovative practices and regulations. ; This research has benefited from the ...

Worldwide, civil society organizations (CSOs) are an integral compo- nent in the complex network that comprises the public sphere improving the welfare of our communities. In the second half of the twentieth century French CSOs' contributions to their citizens' welfare have become increasingly valued. Nevertheless, radical changes to employment policies during the Sarkozy regime (2007–2012) impacted social services to unemployed migrants. In addition, central government constrained local governments' ability to fund social ser- vices, pushing a shift from a culture of "granting subsidies" to one based on "public procurement contracting" (Langlais 2008). These environmental changes are likely to transform CSO-government relationships. This research asks two questions: what is the impact of such radical changes and what possible responses can organizations make, if they are to survive? To answer these, we utilize a case study of a French CSO (Association), which is highly dependent on public funding to deliver its urban-based migrant pro- grams. We utilize the lens of resource dependency, focusing on the interrelation-ships and interactions that impact CSOs' legitimacy and support. Effects of the reforms include a change from relatively cooperative relationships with govern- ment to adversarial exchanges. Moreover, this CSO's activities are apprehended by public funders as short-term single projects considered in isolation from one another so that its overall outcomes are not quantitatively measured. As a result, the CSO's overarching and long-term social and economic contribution to the territory's public sphere is in jeopardy.

If the twentieth century was only focused on the complementarity and the opposition of market and state, the twenty-first century has now to deal with the prominence of the third sector, the emergence of social enterprises and other solidarity hybrid forms. The concept of civil society organisations (CSOs) spans this diversity and addresses this new complexity.The first part of the book highlights the organizational dimensions of CSOs and analyses the growing role of management models and their limits. Too often, the study of CSO governance has been centered on the role of the board and has no

"Civil society organizations are playing a key role in addressing global societal and ecological issues, often setting the agenda for public discourse. Therefore, at a time when they are becoming more varied and interwoven than ever, critical analysis of the governance of these organizations and networks, and their role in a democratic society, is particularly important. This book addresses these challenges by revisiting concepts of citizenship, public participation, democratic exchange of ideas, markets, co-construction and co-production of public services, and alternative political ideologies. The first part of the book focuses on internal governance and the economic dimensions of civil society organizations and analyzes the growing role of management models. The second part addresses the institutional dimensions and focuses public spaces and the capacity of civil society organizations to resist, collaborate and negotiate with the state. This book is unique in bringing together different visions and perspectives on civil society governance for the first time and will be of interest to an international audience of researchers and policy-makers"--

"Civil society organizations are playing a key role in addressing global societal and ecological issues, often setting the agenda for public discourse. Therefore, at a time when they are becoming more varied and interwoven than ever, critical analysis of the governance of these organizations and networks, and their role in a democratic society, is particularly important. This book addresses these challenges by revisiting concepts of citizenship, public participation, democratic exchange of ideas, markets, co-construction and co-production of public services, and alternative political ideologies. The first part of the book focuses on internal governance and the economic dimensions of civil society organizations and analyzes the growing role of management models. The second part addresses the institutional dimensions and focuses public spaces and the capacity of civil society organizations to resist, collaborate and negotiate with the state. This book is unique in bringing together different visions and perspectives on civil society governance for the first time and will be of interest to an international audience of researchers and policy-makers"--