Suchergebnisse

Religious and ethnic identity clashes laid the structure of the Nigerian state in 1914, which transmogrified into and characterized the struggle for control of power and distribution of national resources. This paper explores the nature and manifestation of these conflicts since 1999. It seeks to find out if ethno-religious struggles led to the emergence of major conflicts in Nigeria since 1999, their impact on human insecurity, and the influence of politics on the conflicts. This inquiry is designed in line with a one-shot case study, while literature survey and ex post facto methods were adopted as methods of data collection. Trend analysis is adopted for data analysis. Analysis reveals that ethno-religious struggles were the primary progenitor of conflicts in Nigeria since 1999, and have debilitating consequences while politics exacerbated ethno-religious conflicts. Upholding Nigeria's circular state and implementing the National Political Reforms Conference Report is the panacea for ethno-religious conflicts in Nigeria.

This paper examines the relationship between international human rights regimes and the pursuit of United Sates national interests in the 21st century. Archival research or literature survey, content analysis, and the realist theory of international human rights were adopted for the inquiry. The core objectives of the paper were to assess US human rights posture; find out if US international defence of human rights and interventions is without bias; and to determine if there is a positive relationship between US pursuit of national interest and US human rights policy. The results of analysis show that US has both internal and external poor human rights posture; and there is lack of neutrality in US international human rights campaign. The results further reveal that there are different supranational principles of human rights and institutions; and although the US refused to ratify key international human rights regimes, they have being used consistently to advance US national interests. It is therefore concluded that international human rights regimes are weakened by conflict of value systems and Great powers politics.

This paper interrogates the potency of sanctions as US and UN instrument for de nuclearising DPRK and the intervening variables thereof. With the aid of secondary methods of data gathering, content analysis, and rational action theory as framework of analysis, the paper observes that sanctions failed to actualize US and UN goals in denuclearising DPRK. It further observes that this failure is attributed to the absence of most of sanctions enhancing factors in the international system such as weak economy and political instability, quick imposition with decisive maximal impact, and active participation in liberalized trade, tacit coordination of enforcement, of sanctions with manifest political appetite to enforce penalties, lack of capacity to circumvent sanctions, avoiding an overuse of sanctions, weak offshore capital, and immobility of target assets. Therefore, this paper recommends objective international engagement and integration of DPRK as a nuclear state.