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World Affairs Online
Persistent Organic Pollutants in Human Milk
This open access book reviews the trends of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in human milk and discusses the main findings of five global surveys that were coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) from 2000 to 2019. Human milk was selected as core matrix for human exposure under the Global Monitoring Plan for effectiveness evaluation of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. Milk from well-defined groups of mothers was collected and mixed to form a representative sample per country. Datasets collected represent the largest global human tissues survey with a harmonized protocol, carried out in a uniform format for more than two decades. Altogether 69 countries participated in these studies between 2000 and 2015, and more than 40 countries participated in the study from 2016 to 2019. Divided into 5 parts, the book offers an authoritative overview of human milk biomonitoring; collates the harmonized sampling requirements and analytical methods for the identification and quantification of contaminants in human milk; examines the results of the WHO/UNEP-coordinated exposure studies, including the identification of selected chlorinated pesticides, dioxin-like compounds, industrial chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and chlorinated paraffins, polybrominated POPs and PFAS, among others; and traces geographic, temporal and cross-substance trends and correlations, and human health risks. The book finishes by providing the reader with the summary of the main findings and outlook from these studies, in which the comparison of concentrations found for the wide range of POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention allowed the identification of possible needs for actions and follow-ups in different countries/regions. This book contributes to the understanding of exposure to hazardous chemicals and pollution as addressed by the UN Sustainable Development Goals on Good Health and Well-being (SDG 3) and will appeal to environmental and analytical chemists, researchers, professionals, and policymakers interested in learning more about contaminants in human milk. Given its breadth, this book will also appeal to a broader audience interested in maternal and child health
Teil 2: PCDD/F, Biphenyle und Organochlorpestizide in Frauenmilch
In: Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung: UWSF ; Zeitschrift für Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie ; Organ des Verbandes für Geoökologie in Deutschland (VGöD) und der Eco-Informa, Band 5, Heft 4, S. 204-206
ISSN: 1865-5084
20th International Symposium on Halogenated Environmental Organic Pollutants & POPS: Monterey, California, USA, August 13–17, 2000
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 7, Heft 4, S. 239-242
ISSN: 1614-7499
Teil 1: PCDD/F in Böden, Vegetation und Kuhmilch
In: Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung: UWSF ; Zeitschrift für Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie ; Organ des Verbandes für Geoökologie in Deutschland (VGöD) und der Eco-Informa, Band 5, Heft 4, S. 194-203
ISSN: 1865-5084
Dioxin '93- 13th International Symposium on Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds Vienna, Austria, September 20–24, 1993
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 1, Heft 1, S. 59-62
ISSN: 1614-7499
Risk assessment of contaminants in food and feed
In: EFSA journal, Band 10, Heft 10
ISSN: 1831-4732
Risk evaluation of chemical contaminants in food in the context of RASFF notifications: Rapid Assessment of Contaminant Exposure tool (RACE)
In: EFSA supporting publications, Band 16, Heft 5
ISSN: 2397-8325
Opinion on the follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of sorbic acid (E200) and potassium sorbate (E202) as food additives
In: EFSA journal, Band 17, Heft 3
ISSN: 1831-4732
Follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of polyglycerol polyricinoleate (E 476) as a food additive
Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR, E 476) was re‐evaluated in 2017 by the former EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient sources added to Food (ANS). As a follow‐up to this assessment, in this opinion, the Panel on Food Additives and Flavouring (FAF) addresses the data gaps identified to support an amendment of the EU specifications for E 476. Additionally, this opinion deals with the assessment of the proposed extension of use for E 476 in edible ices and a revision of the maximum permitted level in emulsified sauces. The Panel concluded that the proposed extension of use, if authorised, would not give rise to a safety concern. Additionally, the Panel performed a risk assessment of undesirable impurities potentially present in E 476. The Panel concluded that the maximum limits in the EU specifications for the four toxic elements (arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium) should be lowered based on actual levels in the commercial food additive E 476. The Panel also concluded that maximum limits for glycidyl esters and 3‐monochloropropanediol should be included in the EU specifications for E 476. Alternatively, the Panel recommends an amendment of the definition of E 476 to include a requirement that the fats and oils used in the manufacturing of E 476 comply with the respective EU legislation regarding suitability for human consumption. Further, the Panel recommends a modification of the definition of E 476 indicating that polyglycerol used for the manufacturing of E 476 should be produced from glycerol meeting the specifications for E 422 (Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012). In this case, respective specification limits for epichlorohydrin, acrolein and butanetriol would not be needed for E 476. Finally, the Panel concluded that the proposed method based on the determination of ricinoleic acid is suitable for the determination of E 476 content in food.
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Follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of glycerol (E 422) as a food additive
In: EFSA journal, Band 20, Heft 6
ISSN: 1831-4732
Follow‐up of the re‐evaluation of polyglycerol polyricinoleate (E 476) as a food additive
In: EFSA journal, Band 20, Heft 5
ISSN: 1831-4732
Safety of ammonium formate (E 295) for all animal species
In: EFSA journal, Band 18, Heft 4
ISSN: 1831-4732
Re‐evaluation of acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, mono‐ and diacetyltartaric acid, mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono‐ and diglycerides of fatty acids (E 472a‐f) as food additives
In: EFSA journal, Band 18, Heft 3
ISSN: 1831-4732
Opinion on the re‐evaluation of acacia gum (E 414) as a food additive in foods for infants below 16 weeks of age and the follow‐up of its re‐evaluation as a food additive for uses in foods for all population groups
In: EFSA journal, Band 17, Heft 12
ISSN: 1831-4732