Suchergebnisse

While competition is good for consumers and economies, competition rules alone cannot necessarily produce adequate outcomes for all circumstances. Other norms, particularly regulatory norms, are also often likely to be relevant. The current legal and policy debates about 'disruptive innovation' highlight the need for a healthy mixture of competition and regulation. This paper offers a series of reflections arising from the challenges posed by disruptive products, services and business models. These reflections cover matters such as the capacity of legal procedures to keep pace with rapidly changing market environments. Competition advocacy can help regulators decide controversial points. The paper discusses several sectors, such as the car-riding and overnight sleeping sectors, in which different interests must simultaneously be accommodated within the boundaries of national tradition and European Union law. As discussed, some of these matters have now been adjudicated by the EU Courts. The related subjects of the acquisition of data as well as the requirements of privacy and data protection principles are also considered. The paper reflects on the role of network effects and on the difficult choices to be made with regard to the wisdom of relying on competition law or on the nature of innovation itself to deliver appropriate responses to the growth of network-based economic power; and the paper notes but does not suggest a remedy for the problem of delay as inimical to effective judicial review.

European competition law, uniquely in the world, attributes high importance, and uses the competition rules, to achieve market integration. In the early years, EC competition decisions punished manufacturers and resellers who contractually inhibited parallel traders. Such actions may have rewarded "free riders" but also helped to create consumer awareness of cross-border shopping opportunities. However, the case of prescription medicines is different. ; Michał Mijal

Introduction to competition law -- The European union and United Kingdom competition regimes -- The relationship between European union and United Kingdom competition law -- International issues and the globalization of competition law -- Procedure : investigation -- Procedure : penalties and leniency arrangements -- Procedure : complaints and third- party rights -- The economics of agreements, collusion, and parallel conduct -- Agreements in the eu : the elements of article 101 tfeu -- Block exemption regulations under article 101 tfeu -- The chapter I prohibition -- The cartel offence -- The economics of monopoly abuse -- The elements of article 102 tfeu -- The chapter II prohibition -- An analysis of the principal abusive practices -- UK market studies and market investigation references -- The economics of merger control -- The eu merger control regime and the treatment of joint ventures -- The uk merger control regime and the treatment of joint ventures -- State intervention : public undertakings and state aid -- Competition law and intellectual property -- The common law and competition.