Suchergebnisse

This study will analyse the relationship between the progressive establishment of the European internal market and criminal law, mainly focusing on the criminal protection over financial information provided by listed companies in France and Italy. Such protection, traditionally organized by national states, has become a European issue. From the 1960s, the supranational legislator adopted a series of directives, which harmonized the business law of the Member States. In particular, the European Union sought to harmonize accounting principles. Indeed, legal approximation in this area was also seen as a guarantee for the protection of third parties within the European market. Since then, the protection of financial information, always considered as a purely national prerogative, has gradually become Europeanized. Accordingly, the criminal protection of financial information has been implicated in a phenomenon of indirect harmonization. However, economic globalization has increased the importance of stock markets. Within these markets, the quality of financial information becomes of crucial importance. This is why the European Union finally exerted in this area its criminal harmonization competence, provided for in Article 83 (2) of the TFEU. Thus, the criminal protection of financial information has now been directly harmonized. The complexity of the relationship between the European internal market and criminal law is the main questions of this study. The legal comparison method will be used to verify whether the interactions noted between the harmonization of legislation concerning financial information and national criminal law ensure a homogeneous, effective and legitimate protection system. It will also be a question of establishing whether the transition from an indirect criminal approximation to criminal harmonization remains a positive step and if there are still problems to be solved. ; Centrée sur la relation entre l'établissement progressif du marché intérieur européen et le droit pénal, cette recherche s'occupe de la protection pénale de l'information financière diffusée par les sociétés cotées en France et en Italie. Ladite protection, traditionnellement organisée par les États nationaux, est devenue un enjeu européen. À partir des années 1960, le législateur supranational a adopté une série de directives qui ont rapproché le droit des affaires des États membres, notamment en matière de comptes annuels des sociétés. Le rapprochement juridique dans ce domaine a également été considéré comme une garantie de protection des tiers au sein du marché européen. Dès lors, la protection de l'information financière, longtemps demeurée une prérogative purement nationale, s'est progressivement européanisée. Cette protection, assurée par des sanctions de nature pénale, a été impliquée dans un phénomène de rapprochement purement indirect. Or, les phénomènes de la financiarisation de l'économie et de la mondialisation ont accru l'importance des marchés boursiers. Au sein desdits marchés, la qualité de l'information financière acquiert une importance cruciale. C'est pourquoi, l'Union a finalement exercé en ce domaine sa compétence d'harmonisation pénale accessoire, prévue par l'article 83, paragraphe 2 du TFUE. Ainsi, la protection pénale de l'information financière fait désormais l'objet d'un rapprochement, voire d'une harmonisation directe. La complexité de la relation entre le marché intérieur européen et le droit pénal fonde les questions principales de la présente étude. Grâce à la méthode comparatiste, il s'agira de vérifier si les interactions remarquées entre l'harmonisation des législations concernant l'information financière et le droit pénal national, assurent un système de protection homogène, efficace et légitime. Il s'agira également d'établir si le passage d'un rapprochement pénal indirect à l'harmonisation pénale demeure une avancée positive et s'il reste encore des problématiques à résoudre.

This study will analyse the relationship between the progressive establishment of the European internal market and criminal law, mainly focusing on the criminal protection over financial information provided by listed companies in France and Italy. Such protection, traditionally organized by national states, has become a European issue. From the 1960s, the supranational legislator adopted a series of directives, which harmonized the business law of the Member States. In particular, the European Union sought to harmonize accounting principles. Indeed, legal approximation in this area was also seen as a guarantee for the protection of third parties within the European market. Since then, the protection of financial information, always considered as a purely national prerogative, has gradually become Europeanized. Accordingly, the criminal protection of financial information has been implicated in a phenomenon of indirect harmonization. However, economic globalization has increased the importance of stock markets. Within these markets, the quality of financial information becomes of crucial importance. This is why the European Union finally exerted in this area its criminal harmonization competence, provided for in Article 83 (2) of the TFEU. Thus, the criminal protection of financial information has now been directly harmonized. The complexity of the relationship between the European internal market and criminal law is the main questions of this study. The legal comparison method will be used to verify whether the interactions noted between the harmonization of legislation concerning financial information and national criminal law ensure a homogeneous, effective and legitimate protection system. It will also be a question of establishing whether the transition from an indirect criminal approximation to criminal harmonization remains a positive step and if there are still problems to be solved. ; Centrée sur la relation entre l'établissement progressif du marché intérieur européen et le droit pénal, cette recherche ...

Il quadro di riferimento. Le public knowledge partnerships: teoria ed evidenze. Le public knowledge partnerships e le politiche per la ricerca e lo sviluppo tecnologico dell'UE: i programmi quadro. Analisi econometrica. ; Il quadro di riferimento. Le public knowledge partnerships: teoria ed evidenze. Le public knowledge partnerships e le politiche per la ricerca e lo sviluppo tecnologico dell'UE: i programmi quadro. Analisi econometrica. ; LUISS PhD Thesis

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of environmental regulation on innovation and international competitiveness. We test the weak, narrow, and strong versions of Porter's hypotheses by looking at the impact of environmental regulation on exports both directly and indirectly through innovation and by introducing the role of pollution intensity in moderating the impact of stringent regulation on innovation and international competitiveness. Green policies are measured with the OECD Environmental Stringency Policy Index, distinguishing between market, non-market instruments, and technology support policies. Differently from previous papers, we adopt the technology gap approach to trade, which is suitable for relating environmental regulation to trade competitiveness and we apply the simultaneous-equation system econometric model with a moderating factor represented by pollution intensity. The results support the weak and strong versions of Porter's hypotheses and find that the positive impact of regulation on innovation and exports increases with a country's pollution intensity, suggesting that green policies, if properly coordinated, can represent a win–win strategy, fostering, at the same time, sustainability and international competitiveness.