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PurposeRecent empirical findings on the relationship between internationalization and firm performance (I–P) suggest a significant role of firm's context. Extending this line of argument, the authors study the effect of internationalization on firm's performance for emerging market firms from knowledge-intensive industries, taking into account the firm's motive of internationalization and host country's location-based advantages.Design/methodology/approachThe authors link host country-specific advantages (CSAs) with firm-specific advantages (FSAs) to identify three distinct settings of internationalization for emerging economy firms – (1) asset-exploitative internationalization in developing or least developed countries, (2) asset-exploitative internationalization in developed countries and (3) strategic asset-seeking internationalization. The authors test this study's hypotheses on a sample of 415 Indian firms from knowledge-intensive industries.FindingsThe authors find that firm's performance upon internationalization is non-linear in each of the three different settings. The nature of the non-linear relationship depends upon location-based advantages of the host country and the motive of internationalization.Originality/valueThe motive of internationalization and the location-based advantages sought during internationalization are unique for emerging economy firms. Hence, the study extends understanding of the I–P linkage in an emerging economy context.

Leasing activity has proved its importance as a competitive tool of financing, especially with the growing awareness of a lot of legislations of the benefits provided by leasing as a source of funding, as well as the increasing size of projects and their need for more flexible funding sources that are more liable to respond to the requirements of profitability required by these projects. Since the financial leasing contract is in progressive development just like any other aspect of the economy through which it grows, I preferred that the subject of this research shall be on the expiration of the financial leasing contact in the Jordanian Legislation compared with the Egyptian Legislation. It is clear that a financial lease contract is similar to any other contract in terms that ends on appointed date. However, and because of the particular nature of the financial leasing contract, It differs from what is provided in the General Provisions regarding the expiration of the leasing contract since it is distinguished by the fact that it gives the lessee at the end of the term three choices: The lessee buys the leased assets, or extends the leasing contract or returns the leased asset. A common reason for ending the financial leasing contract is the termination of the contract by revoking it. If any party breaches the obligations rendered on them, the second party may terminate the contract and will be free from any obligations since the financial leasing contract is a binding contract for both parties.

The gains of a country from participating in global value chains (GVCs) will depend on the productive activities taking place in its jurisdiction and their linkages to the domestic economy. Lead firms' decision on where to locate and how to coordinate production activities is influenced, among others, by industrial policies. On the one side, policy space provides governments with some leverage in guiding economic activities and influencing development outcomes. On the other hand, policy risks have the potential to adversely affect the outcomes. This study focuses on industrial policies in Indonesia, using the mineral sector as a mini case study. The case study assesses the Indonesian Government's recent effort to boost domestic value addition in the sector. This paper argues that the effectiveness of government policies in maximizing the gains from GVC participation depends not only on policy design, but also on policy consistency and coherence, effective implementation, and coordination.

A recent strategic partnership between UNHCR, the Government of Luxembourg and communications software provider Skype is keeping UNHCR staff in hardship locations in touch with their families and friends. The partners are now considering how the technology might be adapted for use by other humanitarian organisations. Adapted from the source document.

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- About the Editors -- List of Contributors -- 1: Nanoparticle Uptake by Plants: Beneficial or Detrimental? -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nanoparticle Physicochemical Properties -- 1.3 Nanoparticles in Agriculture -- 1.3.1 Pesticides and Fertilizers -- 1.3.2 Nanoparticle Soil Interaction and Accumulation -- 1.4 Nanoparticle Uptake in Plants -- 1.4.1 Nanoparticle Uptake Routes -- 1.4.2 Nanoparticle Composition-Dependent Uptake in Plants -- 1.4.3 Nanoparticle Size-Dependent Plant Uptake -- 1.4.4 Nanoparticle Crystalline Structure-Dependent Plant Uptake -- 1.4.5 Nanoparticle Charge-Dependent Plant Uptake -- 1.5 Detrimental Effect of Nanoparticles in Plants -- 1.5.1 Composition and Plant-Specific Phytotoxicity -- 1.5.2 Plant Growth Inhibition -- 1.5.3 Nutrient Depletion in Nanoparticle-Contaminated Plants -- 1.5.4 Nanoparticle-Induced Genotoxicity -- 1.5.5 Nanoparticle Transgenerational Effects in Plants -- 1.6 Beneficial Effects of Nanoparticles in Plants -- 1.7 Nanoparticle Toxicity in Humans and Animals -- 1.7.1 Nanoparticle Physicochemical Characteristic-Dependent Toxicity -- 1.7.2 Nanoparticle Internalization and Biodistribution -- 1.7.2.1 Inhalation, Ingestion, and Dermal Exposure -- 1.7.2.2 Nanoparticle Persistence and Disease -- 1.7.2.3 Nanoparticle Size-Dependent Accumulation -- 1.7.2.4 Nanoparticle Corona -- 1.7.2.5 Nanoparticle Uptake by Cells -- 1.7.3 Nanoparticle Association to Respiratory Diseases -- 1.7.4 Nanoparticle Association to Cardiovascular Diseases -- 1.7.5 Nanoparticles in the Central Nervous System -- 1.7.6 Nanoparticle Toxicity Following Maternal Exposure -- 1.7.7 Nanoparticles in the Liver, Kidneys, and Other Organs -- 1.7.8 Toxicity of Nanoparticles with Various Compositions -- 1.7.8.1 Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles.

Penajam Paser Utara Regency is one of the regencies in East Kalimantan that is predicted to be a candidate for the new capital city of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Industrial development has changed along with the increasing intensity of development implementation. The designation of the Buluminung Industrial area has been determined, to support its existence, the Penajam Paser Utara Regency Government plans to build a warehousing area. This article briefly reviews the results of spatial analysis, transportation analysis, technical analysis, supply chain management analysis, financial economic analysis, social analysis, environmental risk analysis. The results of this study are expected to provide an overview of the prospects for the development of warehousing areas in Penajam Paser Utara Regency and can be utilized as well as possible by Penajam Paser Utara Regency. ; Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara merupakan salah satu Kabupaten di Kalimantan Timur yang digadang sebagai calon Ibukota baru Negara Republik Indonesia. Perkembangan industri di Kabupaten ini mengalami perubahan seiring peningkatan intensitas penyelenggaran pembangunan. Kawasan peruntukan Industri Buluminung telah ditetapkan, untuk mendukung keberandaanya, pemerintah Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara berencana membangun sebuah kawasan pergudangan. Artikel ini secara singkat mengulas hasil analisis keruangan, analisis transportasi, analisis teknis, analisis manajemen rantai pasok, analisis ekonomi finansial, analisis sosial, analisis resiko lingkungan rencana pembangungan kawasan pergudangan di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran prospek pembangunan kawasan pergudangan di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara dan dapat dimanfaatkan dengan sebaik – baiknya oleh pihak Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara.