Suchergebnisse

A study of social policy under the governments of the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers' Party—PT) focused on the My House, My Life program shows that the recent political cycle associated with Lulism was not an inflection of neoliberalism but an adaptation of it to the context. The program is an instance of the commodification of housing in that it mobilizes public funds as an instrument of capital accumulation and intensifies the financialization of the real estate sector. Contrary to the view that associates neoliberalism with the minimal state, the state here plays a key role in the neoliberalization process, whose meaning is the commodification of all life. Um estudo de política social sob os governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), focado no programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida, mostra que o recente ciclo político associado ao Lulismo não foi uma inflexão do neoliberalismo, mas uma adaptação dele ao contexto. O programa é um exemplo da mercantilização da habitação, na medida em que mobiliza recursos públicos como instrumento de acumulação de capital e intensifica a financeirização do setor imobiliário. Ao contrário da visão que associa o neoliberalismo ao estado mínimo, o estado aqui desempenha um papel fundamental no processo de neoliberalização, cujo significado é a mercantilização de toda a vida.

La représentation politique a souvent été en conflit avec celle des intérêts. Mais, aujourd'hui, il n'est plus possible de compter sans les apports de la so-ciété civile, qui renforcent la légitimité naturelle de la représentation politique démocratique, y compris dans les processus d'intégration économique. Le Mercosur, très en avance, sur ce point, sur les efforts globaux de gouvernance démocratique, non seulement a institutionnalisé la participation de la société civile organisée grâce à l'instauration d'un très actif Forum consultatif écono-mique et social, mais ne cesse, étape par étape, de renforcer son effectivité par des réformes déjà bien engagées, destinées à confirmer sa participation aux prises de décision. Du point de vue d'une comparaison avec l'Union euro-péenne, beaucoup plus développée en bien des domaines, cette spécificité du Mercosur présente un intérêt certain.

Within wider criticalthoughts on and inside international cooperation, in this contribution some reflections are made about possible approaches to evaluate the effects of cooperation actions onto recipient populations. Starting from an experience of academically-led indepentent cooperation in a rural internal area of El Salvador, Central America, a debate is stimulated on how international cooperation can avoid forcing the beneficiary populations, and instead really and solely serve the interests of the recipients: their strategic empowerment and – above all – their self-determination. ; Dentro de reflexiónes más amplias sobre and adentro la cooperación internacional, en esta contribución se comentan una posibles estrategias de evaluación de las acciónes cooperativas sobre las poblaciónes receptoras. A partire de una experiencia de cooperación independiente guiada por subjectos academicos en una región rural interna de El Salvador, America Central, se estimula a un debate sobre cómo la cooperación internacional pueda evitar forzar las poblaciónes beneficiarias y, al contrario, servir realmente y únicamentelos interéses de las poblaciónes receptoras: su fortalecimiento estratégico y – sobre todo – su autodeterminación.

Scienzaonline is an interactive web site developed by the Museum of Zoology of Rome that offers various services. After the site had been online for three years, we examined approximately 800 questions received by the service Expert on line to understand what laypeople's interests in science are and in which life contexts they emerge. The contents of the questions were categorized to reveal the function and the nature of the knowledge that people expect from "experts". Some kind of actual accomplishment motivates most of the questions, though a considerable number of them have knowledge and understanding as their objective. Information is the main form of expected knowledge and disciplinary knowledge is viewed as the privileged source of it. A relevant percentage of messages reveal the desire to obtain explanations and validations of reported facts, an aid to go beyond factual knowledge. Striving to find answers to "great unanswered questions" emerges as a passionate intellectual endeavor for some people.

In today's modern societies, citizens are required to play an increasingly active role in the decision-making processes related to various areas of their lives (working, social and political). This trend also extends to the sphere of health: a person with a good level of "health literacy" is one who has the ability to take responsibility for his own health and seek basic treatments; who is familiar with the health system and able to understand the advice and instructions he receives from health professionals and thus to take an active role, with them, in the treatment process. A lack or inadequate level of any of these abilities impacts both on the health of the individual and on national healthcare costs. Nursing staff thus have an essential role to play in promoting health and constitute a determining factor in the health and wellbeing of the citizen/patient. Thanks to better understanding of the causes, easy access to diagnosis, and the possibility of receiving treatment before fractures actually occur, it is today possible to achieve effective prevention of osteoporosis and its associated complications. Prevention in this field can and must be oriented towards two different, but related, objectives: - prevention of osteoporosis;- prevention of fractures due to bone fragility in patients with osteoporosis.

In today's society, citizens are called to play an increasingly active role in decision planning related to the various aspects of work, social and political life. This trend has been also confirmed in the health's field. In fact, the citizen is also required to have the skills to take responsibility for his/her own health, to have knowledge of the health care system, understand the advice and instructions of health professionals, actively participating with them in the therapeutical path. The lack or an inadequate level of these skills will affect both the health of the individual and the costs related to the National Health System. The nursing staff that interfaces between physicians and patients plays a key role in health's promotion as an important determinant of health and welfare of the patient-citizen. With regard to osteoporosis, due to better knowledge of its determining causes, it is now possible an easy access to diagnosis and treatment options before fragility fractures occur, providing a real prevention to such complications. Prevention must be addressed to two different, but related, objectives: 1) prevention of osteoporosis; and 2) prevention of fragility fractures in patients with osteoporosis. In the context of both primary and secondary prevention, the nurse can better informed the patients and/or citizens about either the risks related to an inappropriate behavior or situations and events particularly dangerous to health, as well as provide information to simply and effectively implement protective measures. This project aims to raise awareness and create competent and specialized nurse figures, with a good understanding of the bone diseases, through the organization of seminars and training courses. Thus, it will be create clinical pathways and welfare in which the figure of the "Bone Care Nurse" will be responsible for administration of questionnaires relating to lifestyle and, for patients in drug treatment, questionnaires designed to assess the relevance of the adherence/compliance to the ...

Questo articolo propone un dibattito critico e costruttivo sui temi della cooperazione negli ambienti stessi della cooperazione, soprattutto sugli obiettivi reali e apparenti, sugli effetti sortiti inconsapevolmente, e sui vincitori e vinti dell'aiuto internazionale, il tutto visto da una prospettiva socio-economica mondiale. Sono qui presentati i primi esiti di un Seminario Partecipativo tenuto proprio su tali tematiche, articolato in quattro tavoli di lavoro: autodeterminazione e reciprocità, emergenza e sviluppo, formazione, co-progettazione / progettazione partecipata. ; A critical and constructive debate is proposed on and inside cooperation, specifically on the real and the apparent goals, on the unaware effects, and on the winners and losers of international aid, framed in a global socio-economic perspective. The first outcomes of a recent participatory workshop on such themes are hereby illustrated, divided in four working tables: self-determination and reciprocity, emergency and development, training, and co-design / participatory design.

Este volumen recoge los trabajos y comentarios presentados en el VI Simposio sobre la Historia de Cartagena: La ciudad en el siglo XVI, organizado por el Área Cultural del Banco de la República y llevado a cabo el 14 y 15 de septiembre de 2006. El siglo XVI cartagenero – el siglo de la ocupación española del territorio, de la fundación de la ciudad y de sus primeros pasos tentativos para convertirse en enclave urbano sostenible – tiene dos procesos distintivos:1. El primer contacto entre los europeos y las poblaciones nativas y sus consecuencias en distintos órdenes. 2. Los primeros y muy tentativos años de la vida urbana de Cartagena, si así se puede llamar – recordemos lo que nos dice Roberto Luís Jaramillo en su trabajo: Cartagena inicialmente fue "un precario emplazamiento español sobre un asentamiento indígena perfecto" – que culminan con los acontecimientos de la década de 1580 y el nuevo rumbo que toma la pequeña población desde entonces y, en especial, desde principios del siglo XVII.Iniciado el proceso de exploración y conquista, las huestes españolas proceden a fundar asentamientos aquí y allá, y a someter a las poblaciones nativas. Sin embargo, como bien lo dice Augusto Oyuela en su ensayo, es gigantesco nuestro desconocimiento de las bases económicas de las culturas indígenas que poblaban la actual Costa Caribe colombiana a la llegada de los españoles.