Suchergebnisse

En 1438 Pedro, duque de Coimbra, era el segundo en la línea de sucesión al trono portugués. La muerte de su hermano mayor Duarte había dejado la corona vacante y Pedro, un poderoso magnate de mediana edad fue elegido como regente del hijo de Duarte, Alfonso, el niño de seis años sobre quien recaía el reinado. Primero como corregente y después en solitario, Pedro gobernó Portugal y sus élites durante una década marcada a veces por la satisfacción y a veces por la agitación, así como por las luchas cortesanas entre facciones aristocráticas. En 1449, entre acusaciones de lesa majestad y de favorecer a su propia persona, Pedro encontraría un amargo final en el campo de batalla, a manos de su joven sobrino, el rey Alfonso V, igualmente manipulado por una influente camarilla de enemigos del regente. El artículo examinará la actuación de Pedro de Coimbra y de algunos de sus hombres durante su carrera política (c. 1416-1449), particularmente la de aquellos empleados como «diplomáticos» en el extranjero. Se trazarán tres etapas diferentes en la trayectoria de Pedro –como infante, como consejero del rey y finalmente como regente del reino portugués– para conocer hasta qué punto un magnate destacado del siglo XV podía proyectar su influencia política en colaboración, o contra, el poder real. Finalmente, el artículo destaca la coexistencia, y también la superposición, entre las ambiciones diplomáticas reales y no reales y las tensiones y desafíos que causaban en la política y la diplomacia de Portugal durante dicho período. ; In 1438 Pedro, Duke of Coimbra, was second-in-line to the Portuguese throne. The death of his elder brother Duarte had left the royal seat vacant and Pedro, a middle-aged, powerful magnate was elected as regent for Duarte's son Afonso, the boy of six to whom the crown fell. First as the coregent and then single-handedly, Pedro governed over Portugal and its elites during a decade marked in turn by contentment and upheaval, as much as by courtly struggles between aristocratic factions. In 1449, amidst accusations of lese-majesty and of favouring his own, Pedro would meet a bitter end in the field of battle, at the hands of his young nephew, King Afonso V, seemingly manipulated by an influential clique of enemies to the regent. This paper will examine Pedro of Coimbra and some of the men surrounding him during his political career (c. 1416 to 1449), in particular those employed as «diplomats» in foreign service. It will trace three different stages in Pedro's trajectory — as a prince in the making, as the king's counsellor, and finally as regent of the Portuguese kingdom — in order to question the extent to which a leading magnate of the fifteenth century was able to project his political influence in tandem with, or in reaction to, royal power. Ultimately, the paper highlights the co-existence, and indeed the overlap, between royal and non-royal diplomatic ambitions and the strains and challenges that it caused in the politics and diplomacy of Portugal in this period.

In 1438 Pedro, Duke of Coimbra, was second-in-line to the Portuguese throne. The death of his elder brother Duarte had left the royal seat vacant and Pedro, a middle-aged, powerful magnate was elected as regent for Duarte's son Afonso, the boy of six to whom the crown fell. First as the coregent and then single-handedly, Pedro governed over Portugal and its elites during a decade marked in turn by contentment and upheaval, as much as by courtly struggles between aristocratic factions. In 1449, amidst accusations of lese-majesty and of favouring his own, Pedro would meet a bitter end in the field of battle, at the hands of his young nephew, King Afonso V, seemingly manipulated by an influential clique of enemies to the regent. This paper will examine Pedro of Coimbra and some of the men surrounding him during his political career (c. 1416 to 1449), in particular those employed as «diplomats» in foreign service. It will trace three different stages in Pedro's trajectory — as a prince in the making, as the king's counsellor, and finally as regent of the Portuguese kingdom — in order to question the extent to which a leading magnate of the fifteenth century was able to project his political influence in tandem with, or in reaction to, royal power. Ultimately, the paper highlights the co-existence, and indeed the overlap, between royal and non-royal diplomatic ambitions and the strains and challenges that it caused in the politics and diplomacy of Portugal in this period. ; En 1438 Pedro, duque de Coimbra, era el segundo en la línea de sucesión al trono portugués. La muerte de su hermano mayor Duarte había dejado la corona vacante y Pedro, un poderoso magnate de mediana edad fue elegido como regente del hijo de Duarte, Alfonso, el niño de seis años sobre quien recaía el reinado. Primero como corregente y después en solitario, Pedro gobernó Portugal y sus élites durante una década marcada a veces por la satisfacción y a veces por la agitación, así como por las luchas cortesanas entre facciones aristocráticas. En 1449, ...

The exposure to particles and bioaerosols has been associated with the increase in health effects in children. The objective of this study was to assess the indoor exposure to bioburden in the indoor microenvironments more frequented by children. Air particulate matter (PM) and settled dust were sampled in 33 dwellings and four schools with a medium volume sampler and with a passive method using electrostatic dust collectors (EDC), respectively. Settled dust collected by EDC was analyzed by culture-based methods (including azole resistance profile) and using qPCR. Results showed that the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in classrooms (31.15 μg/m3 and 57.83 μg/m3, respectively) were higher than in homes (15.26 μg/m3 and 18.95 μg/m3, respectively) and highly exceeded the limit values established by the Portuguese legislation for indoor air quality. The fungal species most commonly found in bedrooms was Penicillium sp. (91.79%), whereas, in living rooms, it was Rhizopus sp. (37.95%). Aspergillus sections with toxigenic potential were found in bedrooms and living rooms and were able to grow on VOR. Although not correlated with PM, EDC provided information regarding the bioburden. Future studies, applying EDC coupled with PM assessment, should be implemented to allow for a long-term integrated sample of organic dust. ; publishersversion ; published

LIFE Index-Air project (LIFE15 ENV/PT/000674). FCT_UID/Multi/04349/2019. ; The exposure to particles and bioaerosols has been associated with the increase in health effects in children. The objective of this study was to assess the indoor exposure to bioburden in the indoor microenvironments more frequented by children. Air particulate matter (PM) and settled dust were sampled in 33 dwellings and four schools with a medium volume sampler and with a passive method using electrostatic dust collectors (EDC), respectively. Settled dust collected by EDC was analyzed by culture-based methods (including azole resistance profile) and using qPCR. Results showed that the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in classrooms (31.15 μg/m3 and 57.83 μg/m3, respectively) were higher than in homes (15.26 μg/m3 and 18.95 μg/m3, respectively) and highly exceeded the limit values established by the Portuguese legislation for indoor air quality. The fungal species most commonly found in bedrooms was Penicillium sp. (91.79%), whereas, in living rooms, it was Rhizopus sp. (37.95%). Aspergillus sections with toxigenic potential were found in bedrooms and living rooms and were able to grow on VOR. Although not correlated with PM, EDC provided information regarding the bioburden. Future studies, applying EDC coupled with PM assessment, should be implemented to allow for a long-term integrated sample of organic dust. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

E2Sleep Project 711030-IPL/2017/E2SLEEP/ESTeSL. ; This study aimed to provide a comprehensive characterization of the indoor air quality during the sleeping period of 10 couples at Lisbon dwellings, using a multi-pollutant approach, and to understand how the compliance with legislation and guidelines was to assure good indoor air quality. The assessment of indoor air quality was conducted in the cold season using real-time monitors during the sleeping period for comfort parameters (temperature and relative humidity) and air pollutants (carbon dioxide - CO2, carbon monoxide - CO, formaldehyde - CH2O, total volatile organic compounds - VOCs, and particulate matter - PM2.5 and PM10), together with an active sampling of bioaerosols (fungi and bacteria) before and after the sleeping period. Lower compliance (less than 50% of the cases) with the Portuguese legislation was found for temperature, CO2 (3440 ± 1610 mg m-3), VOCs (1.79 ± 0.99 mg m-3), and both bioaerosol types. In 70% of the cases, PM2.5 (15.3 ± 9.1 μg m-3) exceeded the WHO guideline of 10 μg m-3. All bedrooms presented air change rates above the recommended minimum value of 0.7 h-1, highlighting that a good indoor air quality during sleep is not guaranteed. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Project Interreg Med REMEDIO. ; In urban areas, evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies show that traffic-related air pollution has adverse effects on respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Urban air pollution accounts for 3% of mortality from cardiopulmonary disease and 1% of mortality from acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years, worldwide. Therefore, disease and mortality associated with vehicle emissions represent a substantial challenge in public health. Source apportionment, using receptor models, is an essential tool to support the implementation of the European and Member States legislation on air quality and principally to reduce the impact of exposure to Air Particulate Matter (PM) on human health. This work was developed in the framework of the Interreg Med REMEDIO project and aims to assess the aerosol emission sources in an urban traffic site, located in the outskirts of Lisbon. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion