Suchergebnisse

La Directiva 2008/98/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 19 de noviembre de 2008, sobre los Residuos y por la que se derogan determinadas Directivas, establece una jerarquía de residuos que sirve como orden de prioridades en la legislación, y en la política sobre la prevención y gestión de los residuos. Se persigue transformar la UE en una sociedad del reciclado en la que los residuos se recojan por separado, siempre que sea viable, antes de someterlos a las operaciones de valorización para proporcionar un mejor resultado medioambiental. La jerarquía propuesta prioriza las operaciones de valorización, incluida la valorización energética a la eliminación de los residuos mediante disposición en vertederos. En este contexto, la valorización energética de los residuos urbanos se presenta (RU) como una vía complementaria al reciclaje material previo y prioritaria a la eliminación mediante disposición en vertederos, verdaderos focos de contaminación y de desperdicio de los recursos energéticos contenidos en los residuos, y que tienden a desaparecer. Los resultados obtenidos han mostrado que la herramienta desarrollada puede utilizarse en la toma de decisiones relativas a la elección de un sistema que optimice la valorización energética de los RU. Desde el punto de vista económico se ha mostrado que la implantación de sistemas alternativos de valorización energética reduce considerablemente los costes de gestión con un canon inferior al sistema TMB y la incineración con recuperación de energía; así la gasificación presenta el valor más bajo, 23,28 €/Tn, frente a los 41,72 €/Tn del sistema TMB y los 43,01 €/Tn en el caso de la incineración. Desde el punto de vista ambiental, el LCA ha mostrado que cualquiera de las alternativas destinadas a la recuperación energética, incluida la incineración, implica importantes mejoras ambientales frente al tratamiento utilizado en la actualidad (TMB); así desde el punto de vista de la emisión de CO2 eq, la digestión anaeróbica (biometanización) presenta unas emisiones de 323,87 Kg CO2 eq, el menor valor de todas las opciones estudiadas, frente a los 624,77 Kg CO2 eq del sistema actual MBT y los 362,68 Kg CO2 eq de la incineración. Finalmente, tras evaluar además los criterios territoriales (espaciales o geográficos, y sociopolíticos), y realizar el análisis multicriterio final, resulta que la biometanización es la alternativa más favorable para el territorio estudiado. Por último, se proponen futuras líneas para avanzar en la investigación. ; The Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and Council of 19 of November 2008, on Waste and why repealing certain directives, establish a waste hierarchy which serves as priorities in the legislation and the policy on the prevention and management of waste. The objective is to transform the EU into a recycling society where the waste is collected separately, when it is possible, before subjecting them to the recovery operations to provide better environmental result. The proposed hierarchy gives priority to operations of recovery, including energy recovering in opposite to the elimination of waste through disposal in landfills. I this context, the energy recovery of municipal waste is presented as a complementary way to prioritize the recycling previous material and priority to the elimination of waste through disposal in landfills, real sources of pollution and to waste of energy resources contained in waste, and which tend to disappear. The obtained results have shown that the developed tool can be used to take decisions concerning the choice of a system that optimizes the recovery energy of municipal waste. From the economic point of view has shown that the implementation of alternative systems of recovery energy reduces the cost of management with a rate less than the MTB system and incineration with recovery energy; so the gasification presents the lowest value 23,28 €/Tn, against the 41,72 €/Tn MTB system and 43,01 €/Tn for incineration. From the environmental point of view, the LCA has shown that any of the alternatives to the recovery energy, including incineration, implies important environmental improvements against the treatment used today, 323,87 kg CO2 eq, the lowest value of all options studied compared the 624,77 Kg CO2 eq of the MTB system and the 362,68 Kg CO2 eq of incineration. Finally, after the final analysis multi-judgement, in which the territorial and social judgement are evaluated results that the bio-methanization is the most favourable alternative for the studied territory. Lastly future reseach works are proposed. ; Tesis Univ. Granada.

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has spread all over the world leading to a global pandemic. The fast progression of COVID-19 has been mainly related to the high contagion rate of the virus and the worldwide mobility of humans. In the absence of pharmacological therapies, governments from different countries have introduced several non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce human mobility and social contact. Several studies based on Anonymized Mobile Phone Data have been published analysing the relationship between human mobility and the spread of coronavirus. However, to our knowledge, none of these data-sets integrates cross-referenced geo-localised data on human mobility and COVID-19 cases into one all-inclusive open resource. Herein we present COVID-19 Flow-Maps, a cross-referenced Geographic Information System that integrates regularly updated time-series accounting for population mobility and daily reports of COVID-19 cases in Spain at different scales of time spatial resolution. This integrated and up-to-date data-set can be used to analyse the human dynamics to guide and support the design of more effective non-pharmaceutical interventions. ; This work was supported by the Generalitat de Catalunya through the project PDAD14/20/00001, and by the H2020 programme under Grant Agreement 825070 (INFORE) and the INB Grant (PT17/0009/0001 - ISCIII-SGEFI/ERDF). ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

The identification of orthologs—genes in different species which descended from the same gene in their last common ancestor—is a prerequisite for many analyses in comparative genomics and molecular evolution. Numerous algorithms and resources have been conceived to address this problem, but benchmarking and interpreting them is fraught with difficulties (need to compare them on a common input dataset, absence of ground truth, computational cost of calling orthologs). To address this, the Quest for Orthologs consortium maintains a reference set of proteomes and provides a web server for continuous orthology benchmarking (http://orthology.benchmarkservice.org). Furthermore, consensus ortholog calls derived from public benchmark submissions are provided on the Alliance of Genome Resources website, the joint portal of NIH-funded model organism databases. ; Service and Infrastructure grant from the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [to C.D.]; NSF [1917302 to P.D.T.]; NIH NHGRI [HG002273, HG010859 to P.D.T.]; INB [PT17/0009/0001 - ISCIII-SGEFI/ERDF to J.G.V., V.S., J.M.F., L.C., J.L.G. and S.C.G.]; H2020 ELIXIR-EXCELERATE [676559 to J.G.V., V.S., J.M.F., L.C., J.L.G. and S.C.G]; ELIXIR, the research infrastructure for life-science data [to J.G.V., V.S., J.M.F., L.C., J.L.G. and S.C.G]; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades [PGC2018-098073-A-I00 MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE to J.H.C.]; European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [686070 to J.H.C. and D.S, and 637765 to D.M.E. and S.K.]; Consejería de Educación, Juventud y Deporte de la Comunidad de Madrid and Fondo Social Europeo [PEJ-2017-AI/TIC-7514 to A.H.P.]; IdEX Unistra in the framework of the Investments for the future program of the French government [to O.L.]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U24HG007822 to M.J.M.]; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) [core funds to M.J.M and M.M.]; Wellcome Trust [WT108749/Z/15/Z to M.M.]; S.K. is a royal Society University Research Fellow; Swiss National Science Foundation [183723 to C.D.]. Funding for open access charge: Swiss National Science Foundation. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)

eTRANSAFE is a research project funded within the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI), which aims at developing integrated databases and computational tools (the eTRANSAFE ToxHub) that support the translational safety assessment of new drugs by using legacy data provided by the pharmaceutical companies that participate in the project. The project objectives include the development of databases containing preclinical and clinical data, computational systems for translational analysis including tools for data query, analysis and visualization, as well as computational models to explain and predict drug safety events. ; This research received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreements eTRANSAFE (777365). This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and EFPIA companies in kind contribution. The Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB) of IMIM and DCEXS-UPF is a member of the Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute (INB), PRB2-ISCIII and is supported by grant PT13/0001/0023, of the PE I + D + i 2013–2016, funded by ISCIII and FEDER. The GRIB also receive support from Agència de Gestió D'ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR, ref.: 2017SGR01020). The DCEXS is a "Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu", funded by the MINECO (ref: MDM-2014-0370). ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (published version)