Suchergebnisse

En los estudios técnico-textiles existe una necesidad científica de normalizar los parámetros para su clasificación y catalogación, de tal manera que sean equivalentes dentro de España y la Unión Europea. Dicha normalización facilitaría los trabajos de investigación y el cruce de procedimientos, características compositivas propias de una zona, comarca o país, así como la correcta datación de las piezas en museos e instituciones culturales. También permitirían desarrollar estrategias que faciliten tareas como la musealización de piezas, la conservación del patrimonio etnográfico, la restauración, la docencia en todos los ámbitos educativos y el control del intrusismo laboral tan extendido en el mundo textil. Además, este reconocimiento técnico potenciaría también la creación artística, la conservación y la difusión del patrimonio cultural. ; In order to be common for all technical-textile studies, a classification of textiles according to their manufacturing procedure and tools, using an univocal and specialized terminology is proposed. In these studies there is a scientific need to standardize the terms used and the way in which they are classified and cataloged, so that we have unique and univocal measurement parameters in Spain and, furthermore, in the European Union. The use of an unique terminology would facilitate both national and international research work, as it would allow comparison between different zones, regions or countries, allowing the possibility of correctly dating museums and cultural institutions samples. Standardization would improve the specific strategies for the musealization of samples, the conservation of ethnographic heritage, restoration, or teaching every educational level. Standardization is the first step to get closer to common strategies to enhance the value of cultural heritage of these sumptuary arts as well as control and / or minimization of labor intrusion so widespread in the textile world.

Introduction and objectives: Powdery mildew caused by Uncinula necator and Downy mildew produced by Plasmopara viticola are the most common diseases in the North-West Spain vineyards. Knowledge of airborne spore concentrations could be a useful tool in the Integrated Pest Management protocols in order to reduce the number of pesticide treatments, applied only when there is a real risk of infection. Material and Methods: The study was carried out in a vineyard of the D. O. Ribeiro, in the North-West Spain, during the grapevine active period 2004–2012. A Hirts-type volumetric spore-trap was used for the aerobiological monitoring. Results: During the study period the annual total U. necator spores amount ranged from the 578 spores registered in 2007 to the 4,145 spores sampled during 2008. The highest annual total P. viticola spores quantity was observed in 2010 (1,548 spores) and the lowest in 2005 (210 spores). In order to forecast the concentration of fungal spores, ARIMA models were elaborated. Conclusions: The most accurate models were an ARIMA (3.1.3) for U. necator and (1.0.3) for P. viticola. The possibility to forecast the spore presence 72 hours in advance open an important horizon for optimizing the organization of the harvest processes in the vineyard ; The study was financed by the Proyects INOU12-08 of the University of Vigo and the AGL2014-60412-R supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the Spanish Government ; SI

Climate has a direct influence on crop development and final yield. The consequences of global climate change have appeared during the last decades, with increasing weather variability in many world regions. One of the derived problems is the maintenance of food supply in this unstable context and the needed changes in agricultural systems, looking for sustainable and adaptation strategies. The study was carried out from 2008 to 2017. Aerobiological data were obtained with a Lanzoni VPPS-2000 volumetric sampler, following the Spanish Aerobiological Network protocol. The pollen and flower production was studied on ten vines of the Godello grapevine cultivar. A HOBO Micro Station and a MeteoGalicia station were used to obtain meteorological information. We observed the detrimental effect of rain on airborne pollen presence, and we statistically corroborated the negative effect of high temperatures on fruit set and ripening. We developed an accurate multiple regression model to forecast the grape yield, applying a Spearman's correlation test to identify the most influential variables. The use of aerobiological and meteorological studies for crop yield prediction has been widely used in different crops that suppose important engines for economy development. This enables growers to adapt their crop management and adjust the spent resources ; This work was funded by Xunta de Galicia CITACA Strategic Partnership (Reference: ED431E 2018/07), the AGL2014-60412-R Economy and Competence Ministry of Spain Government project and the VITICAST 20190020007473 project of the Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Ministry of Spain Government. González-Fernández E. was supported by the Ministry of Sciences, Innovation and Universities (FPU grant FPU15/03343). Piña-Rey A. was supported by Xunta de Galicia Pre-doctoral Period Support Program (ED481A-2017/xxx). Fernández-González M. was supported by FCT (SFRH/BPD/125686/2016) through the HCOP-Human Capital Operational Program, financed by "Fundo Social Europeu" and "Fundos Nacionais do ...

Grey mould, powdery mildew, and downy mildew are the most frequent fungal diseases among vineyards worldwide. In the present study, we analysed the influence of the fungi causing these diseases (Botrytis, Erysiphe, and Plasmopara, respectively) on two viticulture areas from North-western (NW) Spain during three growth seasons (2016, 2017, and 2018). The obtained results showed the predominant concentration of the Botrytis airborne spores, mainly from the beginning of the Inflorescence emerge phenological stage (S-5) until the end of the Flowering phenological stage (S-6). Erysiphe and Plasmopara airborne spore peak concentrations were more localised around Flowering (S-6) and Development of fruits (S-7) phenological stages. We applied a Spearman's correlation test and a Principal Component Analysis to determine the influence of the meteorological parameters on the concentration of airborne spores. Taking into account the variables with the highest correlation coefficient, we developed multiple regression models to forecast the phytopathogenic fungal spore concentrations. The Botrytis model regression equation explained between 59.4–70.9% of spore concentration variability. The Erysiphe equation explained between 57.6–61% and the Plasmopara explained between 39.9–55.8%. In general, we found better prediction results for mean daily concentrations than sporadic spore peaks ; The authors thank to the Xunta de Galicia (Consellería de Educación, Universidade e Formación Profesional) the financial support for the recognition as Grupo de Referencia Competitivo de Investigación (GRC GI–1809 BIOAPLIC, ED431C 2019/07), the Agrupación Estratégica de Investigación BioReDes (ED431E 2018/09), the CITACA Strategic Partnership ED431E 2018/07 (Xunta de Galicia, Spain) and the grant number AGL2014-60412-Rofthe Economy and Competence Ministry of Spain Government. González–Fernández E. is supported by the FPU Formación de Profesorado Universitario grant from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades ; SI

This work was funded by the EU Joint Programming Initiative—A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (Project EarlyMicroHealth) and the Project AGL2017-83653R funded by the Spanish "Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and FEDER" and by the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC starting grant, no. 639226). Silvia Arboleya is the recipient of a Juan de la Cierva Postdoctoral Contract from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ref. IJCI-2017-32156) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities.