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19 pages. ; [EN] The author of this paper exposes his opinion about the situation of the Basque innovation system by giving a description of the role that the public administration of the Basque Autonomous Community should carry out and the keys to be kept in mind in order to make sure of the success in the outline and display of its regional politics of innovation. Furthermore, the author analyses the present and the future innovation politics at the European level and expresses his opinion about the kind of collaboration that should be offered among the different levels (regional, national and European) of the public administration. ; [ES] En el presente artículo el autor ofrece su opinión sobre la situación del sistema vasco de innovación describiendo el papel que debería realizar la administración pública de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca y las claves a tener en cuenta para asegurar el éxito en el diseño y despliegue de su política regional de innovación. Además analiza las actuales y futuras políticas de innovación a escala europea y explica el tipo de colaboración que se debe dar entre los diferentes niveles (regional, nacional y europeo) de la administración pública para lograr una actuación eficiente. ; [EU] Artikulu honetan, egileak bere iritzia azaltzen du euskal berrikuntza-sistemaren inguruan. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan herri-administrazioak bete beharko lukeen eginkizuna deskribatzen du, eta eskualdeko berrikuntza-politika diseinatu eta hedatzeko garaian arrakasta ziurtatu ahal izateko kontuan hartu beharreko gakoak aditzera ematen ditu. Gainera, Europako egungo eta etorkizuneko politikak aztertzen ditu eta, jardun eraginkorra lortzearren, herri-administrazioaren maila desberdinen artean (eskualdekoa, nazionala eta Europakoa) izan beharreko lankidetzak nolakoa izan behar duen azaltzen du. ; Peer reviewed

This research applies Nelson's (1993) primary typology of enterprises to understand why the propensity for innovation varies across ceramics district innovation systems in Europe. We use innovation systems and industrial district theories to explore the innovation capacity of the two most important ceramic tile industrial districts in Europe—Emilia Romagna in Italy and Castellon in Spain. Our analysis shows that, in both districts, innovation plays a decisive role in allowing companies to maintain competitiveness in a globalizing market. However, by comparing the composition of their district innovation systems, our analysis shows that: (i) although levels of competition in both districts are similar, cooperation is stronger in Italy; (ii) scarce technology and advanced service providers in Spain make it predominantly a follower in the adoption of innovation; (iii) higher innovation intensity in Italy is due to diffusion of technology from firms in neighbouring districts specialized in other industry sectors. We provide strong evidence indicating that differences in the industry mix shape both national and district innovation systems.

[EN]: Industry-university interactions in a peripheral European region: an empirical study of Valencian firms, Regional Studies. In this paper the interactions among industry and academic staff in the Mediterranean Spanish Region of Valencia are analysed. The information comes from the manufacturing firm survey about industry-university (I-U) collaboration carried out in 2001 by the Valencian administration. The findings show that the factors that had the most influence on I-U interaction are those related to firms' structural characteristics, in particular managers' qualifications and the sector of activity. Firm size was less of an influence. Firms prefer interactions related to the training of students and education of personnel rather than performance of contract research and development (R&D) and joint R&D projects. ; [ES]: Interacciones de la industria con la universidad en una región europea periférica: un estudio empírico con empresas valencianas, Regional Studies. En este artículo analizamos las interacciones entre el personal académico y la industria en la región mediterránea de Valencia. La información procede de un estudio de empresas manufactureras con respecto a la colaboración entre la industria y las universidades (I-U) llevada a cabo en 2001 por la Generalitat Valenciana. Nuestros resultados indican que los factores que influenciaron más en la interacción I-U son aquellos relacionados con las características estructurales de las empresas, especialmente con las calificaciones de directores y el sector de actividades. El tamaño de la empresa no tenía una influencia significativa. Las empresas prefieren una interacción relacionada con la formación de los estudiantes y de su personal más que un rendimiento de I+D contractual y proyectos conjuntos de I+D. ; The authors thank the Valencian government 'Alto Consejo Consultivo de la Generalitat Valenciana' for its support on carrying out the survey 'Encuesta a la Comunidad Empresarial Valenciana sobre las relaciones universidad-empresa' used in this paper. ; Peer reviewed

In this paper we analyse the interactions among industry and academic staff in the Mediterranean Spanish Region of Valencia. The information comes from the manufacturing firm survey about I-U collaboration carried out in 2001 by the Valencian administration. Our findings show that the factors that had the most influence on I-U interaction are those related to firms' structural characteristics, in particular managers' qualifications and the sector of activity. Firm size was less of an influence. Firms prefer interactions related to the training of students and education of personnel rather than performance of contract R&D and joint R&D projects.

Trabajo presentado al 7th Biennial International Conference on University, Industry & Government Linkages celebrado en Glasgow (UK) del 17 al 19 de Junio de 2009. ; This paper aims to analyse the role of cooperation with scientific and technological agents (universities, public research organizations, and technological centres) in industrial innovation, using a large-scale cross-industry sample of innovative manufacturing firms located in a technology follower country (Spain). The paper develops an integrated framework to examine: a) the factors that shape the propensity of firms to cooperate with universities and technological centres in their innovative activities; and b) the efficiency of cooperation with these agents on firms' innovative performance. The results reveal that in the Spanish context the cooperation with scientific agents is motivated more by access to funds through participation in government sponsored programmes than by improving innovative capacities based on the integration of complementary knowledge from external agents. Thus, although Spanish firms tend to cooperate more with universities relative to other external agents, this cooperation does not seem to be oriented towards the development of key activities for their innovation processes. ; This paper is the outcome of Project ECO2008-05231/ECON funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. ; Peer reviewed

Trabajo presentado a la PRIME International Conference celebrada en México D.F. (México) del 24 al 26 de Septiembre 2008. ; This study analyzes the characteristics of knowledge transfer in the social and human sciences within a large government research establishment. We deploy an innovative analytical framework and make an explicit link between the range of transfer processes it identifies and the organizational and analytical challenges that such variety poses. The results show that the characteristics of the transfer process (in terms of the type of agents involved, the content of the transfer, transfer mechanisms, receivers and the contextual factors, and barriers to transfer) are very different in the social sciences and humanities from those prevalent in the experimental sciences and engineering. Consequently the policies to support efficient knowledge transfer must also be different and tailored to the specific characteristics of knowledge production and use in the social sciences and humanities. ; Peer reviewed

18 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures ; This research, following the Regional Innovation Systems and the Industrial Districts theoretical approaches, explores the innovation capacity of the two most important ceramic tile industrial districts in Europe, the Italian district (Sassuolo) and the Spanish district (Castellon). In both districts innovation is to play a definitive role in allowing companies to maintain their competitiveness in a globalising market. Our analysis shows: Firstly, a similar level of competition within the districts of both countries but a far weaker cooperation in the Spanish district compared to the Italian. Secondly, that the scarcity of technology and advanced services providers in the Spanish district relegates it to a follower role in the adoption process of innovation. And thirdly, that the presence in the Italian district of horizontal technology enterprises raises the innovative tension because of the technology diffusion across districts and it is favoured by the mobility of qualified workers. ; This study has been supported by the Valencian Regional Government ; Peer reviewed

This paper examines co-operative innovation and Research and Development (R&D) behaviour between Argentine and Spanish firms. Based on theoretical perspectives from the literature, we present empirical evidence obtained from 104 firms of patterns of cooperation in several processes and out-puts, highlighting firm characteristics, the motives of the collaborating parties, types of partners, R&D and innovation activities, leadership, and obstacles to cooperation. Our results reveal that the determinants of success differ considerably among countries depending on the sector, the firm specific characteristics and funding. These differences have important implications for public policy and instruments to support R&D and innovation activities. © Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Facultad de Economía y Negocios. ; This paper is one of a series of papers in the Project "Estudio Comparado sobre las políticas de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, las interacciones institucionales y las relaciones de cooperación entre Argentina y España" (Comparative Study on Politics of science, technology and innovation, institutional and cooperation interrelationships between Argentina and), supported by CINDOC-CONICET. ; Peer Reviewed

10 tables, 4 figures, 27 pages ; This paper examines co-operative innovation and research and development (R&D) behaviour between Argentine and Spanish firms. Based on theoretical perspectives from the literature, we surveyed a sample of 540 Argentine and Spanish firms believed to have cooperated for technological innovation. We present empirical evidence based on 104 firms of patterns of cooperation in several processes and out-puts, highlighting firm characteristics, the motives of the collaborating parties, types of partners and R&D and innovation activities, leadership, and obstacles to cooperation. Our results reveal that the determinants of success differ considerably among countries depending on the sector, the firm specific characteristics and funding. These differences have important implications for public policy and instruments to support R&D and innovation activities.

Trabajo presentado a la Triple Helix VII International Conference: "University, Industry and Government Linkages" celebrada en Madrid (España) del 20 al 22 de Octubre de 2010. ; This paper examines the co-operative cross border innovation and R&D behaviour between Argentine and Spanish firms. Using theoretical perspectives provided by the literature, we apply a survey to a sample of 540 Argentine and Spanish firms which we suspected have carried out cooperation activities with particular focus on technological innovation. Empirical evidence obtained of 104 firms on several process and out-put patterns of the cooperation relationship is presented, including firm characteristics, motives of the collaborating parties, partners, types of activities in R&D and innovation carried out, leadership, and obstacles to cooperation. Results reveal that the determinants of success differ considerably in each country, according the sector, the firm specific characteristics and funding. These differences have important implications for public policies and instruments for supporting R&D and innovation activities. ; Peer Reviewed

Trabajo presentado a la Triple Helix VII International Conference: "University, Industry and Government Linkages" celebrada en Madrid (España) del 20 al 22 de Octubre de 2010. ; This paper examines co-operative innovation and research and development (R&D) behaviour between Argentine and Spanish firms. Based on theoretical perspectives from the literature, we surveyed a sample of 540 Argentine and Spanish firms believed to have cooperated for technological innovation. We present empirical evidence based on 104 firms of patterns of cooperation in several processes and out-puts, highlighting firm characteristics, the motives of the collaborating parties, types of partners and R&D and innovation activities, leadership, and obstacles to cooperation. Our results reveal that the determinants of success differ considerably among countries depending on the sector, the firm specific characteristics and funding. These differences have important implications for public policy and instruments to support R&D and innovation activities. ; This paper is one of a series of papers in a joint project supported by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation (Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo, AECID) with the participation of CSIC (Spain) and CONICET (Argentina). ; Peer reviewed