The aim of this investigation, born within activism, is to present an alternative to the current prison services that requires radical transformations in society. In other words, it aims to replace the space currently occupied by prisons with new institutions that will work to expel the prison from our social and psychic landscape. This project focuses on organizations in open spaces that prioritize the social wellbeing of female detainees and their families: ecovillages. Besides contributing to the global motion towards a society of sustainable communities, ecovillages promote social reintegration and solve the issue of severe poverty amongst female inmates. These ecovillages, built from the remnants of abandoned villages, on the principles of ecofeminism, provide an opportunity for women to overcome unfavorable conditions and build better lives for themselves and their communities – while contributing to the construction of a fairer, more sustainable democratic society. ; published
A Rainha Ginga, romance histórico de José Eduardo Agualusa conta a história de uma rainha africana que ultrapassou todas as fronteiras que lhe eram impostas e que se reinventou numa nova forma de existência. Tendo-lhe sido dada voz, por ocupar o lugar hierárquico supremo na sociedade angolana, esta mulher/subalterna demonstrou que esta mesma voz estava impregnada pelos discursos dos que criaram a subalternidade e exibiu uma voz híbrida, composta por um lado, pelo seu desejo de emancipação e por outro, pelos vários valores e fundamentações que produziram a sua opressão. Partindo dos trabalhos de académicas que reflectem sobre os estudos queer e os estudos feministas pretende-se, através desta obra, explorar a "desidentificação" vivenciada pela rainha Ginga, que ocupou um lugar de resistência na história angolana.
Os "fóruns participativos" da Ilha Grande, reativados/reestruturados desde 2007, acionaram debates e disputas acerca das concepções sobre conservação da natureza/cultura. O turismo, principal atividade econômica local e importante fenômeno sociocultural na Ilha, tem provocado inúmeras transformações na região, constituindo um dos principais temas debatidos. Em seu âmbito, muito tem se utilizado do discurso sobre patrimônio, no que concerne à criação de atrativos, produtos e roteiros, e também nos projetos de planejamento. Este trabalho reflete sobre as relações entre o turismo na Ilha e as ideias de patrimônio discutidas nesses fóruns. Baseia-se em trabalho de campo com abordagem etnográfica, desenvolvida entre 2007 e 2010, envolvendo participação e observação direta em reuniões dos fóruns e entrevistas com atores sociais envolvidos.
Introduction: This work has as theme the passenger shelters in Belém, Pará, in the year 2022. Objective: to analyze the conditions of the shelters for bus passengers, based on the assumption of the need to wait for the arrival of the vehicle in a place with accessibility and adequate physical conditions. Methodological procedures: descriptive research, qualitative approach, using the bibliographic and field research, mediated by observation, from images of bus stops, located in Belém, capital of Pará, in 2022, chosen randomly, aiming for greater representativeness of the object under study. Results: It can be inferred that there are not enough shelters to meet the demand since, of the total of 1,513 bus stops, only 570 (38%) have passenger shelters; the conservation conditions are extremely poor, with a lack of coverage and side protection, seats and spatial orientation information. Conclusion: Observing the substantial absence of shelters for bus passengers in Belém, it is suggested that the government, together with the private sector, seek alternatives for implementing such urban equipment, considering the demand for buses in Belém, as well as the climatic characteristics of the city.
Legume grains are important sources of nutrients in human and animal diets and have been so for millennia. Their history as part of traditional diets dates to the origins of agriculture when their benefits for soil health and agricultural productivity started to be realized, mostly empirically, by farmers. In time, legumes have lost their popularity as human food, either because of a negative connotation as "poor man's meat," occasional gastrointestinal side effects, or habitually longer preparation times when compared to other types of plant foods. Also, the steep rise in the consumption of meat derived foods in the last half of a century has taken a toll on replacing legumes as a major protein source. Alongside this negative trend in consumption, a negative drift in production was also observed, especially in Europe, where legumes currently occupy a minimal fraction of agricultural land. One of the main factors is a loss in competitive edge amongst farmers due to sustained lower public and private investments in breeding programs and legume adapted technology for planting, managing, harvesting, processing, and storing, when compared to cereals. Recently, increased awareness of the need to move to sustainable food systems is revitalizing legume production and consumption in Europe, leading to a compilation of policies and initiatives that aim to put legumes again as foundations for this transition. Legumes have been reinvented in a multitude of products (drinks, cereal bars, bread, meat replacers, snacks, flours, and several others) and included in farming systems of conservation agriculture, organic production, intercropping, and crop rotation, combining ancient traditions of legume production "with a spin," incorporating new legume technological knowledge in farming systems. However, the transition has been slow and hampered by many cultural, societal, political, and economic impediments. This paper summarizes initiatives that aim to enable the comeback of legumes and their placement in a more prominent position in human diets and agricultural fields and highlights strategies that aim at overcoming the obstacles that impede achieving the development of more sustainable agri-food systems and sustainable diets in Europe. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
O presente artigo propõe uma discussão acerca da representatividade de gênero e raça por meio da análise de um gênero multimodal - o documentário, enfocando como a sua inserção no âmbito escolar nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa pode favorecer o encaminhamento de práticas educativas mais dinâmicas e contextualizadas, além de viabilizar a abordagem de temáticas do currículo que, em algumas vezes, são tangenciadas ou negligenciadas em sala de aula. Dessa forma, busca-se analisar como um documentário (CEC- Survivor- Integral Poli 2017), que aborda discursos que representam as narrativas das mulheres, pode contribuir um ensino/aprendizado crítico e para a ampliação de habilidades relacionadas aos múltiplos letramentos. Foi possível constatar que o documentário pode possibilitar a ampliação dos letramentos, seja na dimensão do posicionamento crítico, seja na dimensão da compreensão dos recursos semióticos que constituem uma produção audiovisual. Para além disso, esse tipo de produção pode contribuir para uma formação cidadã, comprometida com a desarticulação de velhos discursos de ódio que ainda persistem nas interações que integram o cotidiano social.
Accelerating the gelation of silk fibroin (SF) solution from several days or weeks to minutes or few hours is critical for several applications (e.g., cell encapsulation, bio-ink for 3D printing, and injectable controlled release). In this study, the rapid gelation of SF induced by a gold salt (Au3+) as well as the cytocompatibility of Au3+-mediated SF hydrogels are reported. The gelation behaviors and mechanisms of regenerated SF and thiolated SF (tSF) were compared. Hydrogels can be obtained immediately after mixing or within three days depending on the types of silk proteins used and amount of Au3+. Au3+-mediated SF and tSF hydrogels showed different color appearances. The color of Au-SF hydrogels was purple-red, whereas the Au-tSF hydrogels maintained their initial solution color, indicating different gelation mechanisms. The reduction of Au3+ by amino groups and further reduction to Au by tyrosine present in SF, resulting in a dityrosine bonding and Au nanoparticles (NPs) production, are proposed as underlying mechanisms of Au-SF gel formation. Thiol groups of the tSF reduced Au3+ to Au+ and formed a disulfide bond, before a formation of Au+-S bonds. Protons generated during the reactions between Au3+ and SF or tSF led to a decrease of the local pH, which affected the chain aggregation of the SF, and induced the conformational transition of SF protein to beta sheet. The cytocompatibility of the Au-SF and tSF hydrogels was demonstrated by culturing with a L929 cell line, indicating that the developed hydrogels can be promising 3D matrices for different biomedical applications. ; This article has been prepared with the support of REMIX Project, funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Maria Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement N.778078. Chavee Laomeephol acknowledges the PhD grants supported by Chulalongkorn University for "The 100th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund for Doctoral Scholarship" and "The 90th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund ...
Silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels can be obtained via self‐assembly, but this process takes several days or weeks, being unfeasible to produce cell carrier hydrogels. In this work, a phospholipid, namely, 1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phospho‐(1′‐rac‐glycerol) sodium salt (DMPG), was used to induce and accelerate the gelation process of SF solutions. Due to the amphipathic nature and negative charge of DMPG, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the phospholipids and SF chains will occur, inducing the structural transition of SF chains to the beta sheet and consequently a rapid gel formation is observed (less than 50 min). Moreover, the gelation time can be controlled by varying the lipid concentration. To assess the potential of the hydrogels as cell carriers, several mammalian cell lines, including L929, NIH/3T3, SaOS‐2, and CaSki, were encapsulated into the hydrogel. The silk‐based hydrogels supported the normal growth of fibroblasts, corroborating their cytocompatibility. Interestingly, an inhibition in the growth of cancer‐derived cell lines was observed. Therefore, DMPG‐induced SF hydrogels can be successfully used as a 3D platform for in situ cell encapsulation, opening promising opportunities in biomedical applications, such as in cell therapies and tissue regeneration. ; This paper was supported by the REMIX Project, funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Maria Sklodowska‐Curie Grant agreement n. 778078. Financial support is acknowledged from Chulalongkorn Academic Advancement into Its 2nd Century (CUAASC), SPARTAN project (PTDC/CTM‐BIO/4388/2014), and NORTE 2020 Structured Project within the R&D&I Structured Project, cofunded by Norte2020—Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. Chavee Laomeephol was awarded with The 100th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund for his Doctoral Scholarship and The 90th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund (Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund). Marta Guedes acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for ...
During the past decade, African swine fever (ASF) has spread from the Caucasus region to eastern European Union countries affecting domestic pig and wild boar populations. In order to avert ASF spread, mitigation measures targeting both populations have been established. However, despite these efforts, ASF has been reported in thirteen different countries (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Moldova, Czech Republic, and Romania). In the absence of an effective vaccine or treatment to ASF, introduction and spread of ASF onto domestic pig farms can only be prevented by strict compliance to control measures. This study systematically reviewed available measures to prevent the spread of ASF in the EU domestic pig sector distinguishing between commercial, non-commercial, and outdoor farms. The search was performed in PubMed and using a common browser. A total of 52 documents were selected for the final review process, which included scientific articles, reports, EU documents and official recommendations, among others. From this literature review, 37 measures were identified as preventive measures for the introduction and spread of ASF. Subsequently, these measures were assessed by ASF experts for their relevance in the mitigation of ASF spread on the three mentioned types of farms. All experts agreed that some of the important preventive measures for all three types of farms were: the identification of animals and farm records; strict enforcement of the ban on swill feeding; and containment of pigs, so as to not allow direct or indirect pig–pig and/or pig–wild boar contacts. Other important preventive measures for all farms were education of farmers, workers, and operators; no contact between farmers and farm staff and external pigs; appropriate removal of carcasses, slaughter residues, and food waste; proper disposal of manure and dead animals, and abstaining from hunting activities during the previous 48 h (allowing a 48 h interval between ...
