Suchergebnisse

"Cooperatives, Grassroots Development, and Social Change" presents examples from Paraguay, Brazil, and Colombia, examining what is necessary for smallholder agricultural cooperatives to support holistic community-based development in peasant communities. Reporting on successes and failures of these cooperative efforts, the contributors offer analyses and strategies for supporting collective grassroots interests. Illustrating how poverty and inequality affect rural people, they reveal how cooperative organizations can support grassroots development strategies while negotiating local contexts of inequality amid the broader context of international markets and global competition.

The contributors explain the key desirable goals from cooperative efforts among smallholder producers. They are to provide access to more secure livelihoods, expand control over basic resources and commodity chains, improve quality of life in rural areas, support community infrastructure, and offer social spaces wherein small farmers can engage politically in transforming their own communities.

The stories in "Cooperatives, Grassroots Development, and Social Change" reveal immense opportunities and challenges. Although cooperatives have often been framed as alternatives to the global capitalist system, they are neither a panacea nor the hegemonic extension of neoliberal capitalism. Through one of the most thorough cross-country comparisons of cooperatives to date, this volume shows the unfiltered reality of cooperative development in highly stratified societies, with case studies selected specifically because they offer important lessons regarding struggles and strategies for adapting to a changing social, economic, and natural environment.

ABSTRACT  In recognition of unavoidable changes that human actions are producing in our environment, the term adaptation has become ubiquitous in the environmental and climate‐change literature. Human adaptation is a field with a significant history in anthropology, yet anthropological contributions to the burgeoning field of climate change remain limited. This "In Focus" section presents studies of local adaptations to climate variation and change. Each is concerned with current environmental challenges and future environmental change, and each study is placed within a wider context that includes processes of globalization and integration into market economies, formal and informal institutions, and disasters. These studies highlight the challenges involved in understanding complex adaptations under conditions of stress. They also illustrate how anthropologists engage the larger climate‐change and human‐adaptation discussions and enhance our ability to respond to the challenges of a changing environment.

"Provides a cross-country comparison of smallholder agricultural cooperatives in Paraguay, Brazil and Colombia, revealing immense opportunities and challenges for community development, empowerment, and social change." - Provided by publisher

To understand the urban territory through the analysis of Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) as a prerequisite for structuring a Healthy City Project. This research was characterized as a documentary survey through the Laws, Master Plan and Management Reports of the City of Maracanaú and in the Government Health Information Notebooks. The analysis took place through the reading and identification of what was about the SDOH, using Content Analysis. The results brought two categories of analysis that structured a diagnosis of the area, mapping the weaknesses found with regard to the SDOH analyzed, such as: population growth, mortality rate, urban violence, among others. It is believed that the diagnosis of the area carried out through the SDOH made it possible to identify the intervention points that can be used for the preparation of a Healthy City Project. ; Compreender o território urbano por meio da análise dos Determinantes Sociais de Saúde (DSSs) como pressupostos para a estruturação de uma Agenda de Cidade Saudável. Esta pesquisa se caracterizou como um levantamento documental por meio das leis, plano diretor e relatórios de gestão da cidade de Maracanaú e nos cadernos de informação em saúde do governo. A análise se deu pela leitura e identificação do que versava sobre os DSSs, utilizando-se a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados trouxeram duas categorias de análise que estruturaram um diagnóstico do território, mapeando as fragilidades encontradas no que diz respeito aos DSSs analisados como crescimento demográfico, taxa de mortalidade, violência urbana, dentre outros. Acredita-se que o diagnóstico do território realizado por meio dos DSSs possibilitou identificar os pontos interventivos que possam ser utilizados para a preparação de uma agenda de cidade saudável.

This is the third of five volumes summarizing the results of a World Bank research project. The purpose of the project was threefold: to provide systematic estimates of the degree of price discrimination against agriculture within individual countries and to explain how it changed over time; to determine how this intervention affected such key variables as foreign exchange earnings, agricultural output, and income distribution; and to gain further insight into the political economy of agricultural pricing policy through a study of the motivations of policy makers, the economic and political factors determining the degree of agricultural intervention, and the attempts to reform unsuccessful policies. This volume presents case studies on Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Portugal, Turkey and Zambia. (DÜI-Hff)