Suchergebnisse

This book provides an empirical understanding of how EU-level defence industrial cooperation functions in practice. Using the Liberal Intergovernmental theoretical model, the book argues that while national economic preferences are an essential factor of government interests they only explain part of the dynamic that leads to the development of defence industrial policy at EU level. Moving beyond a simple adumbration of economic preferences, it shows how the EU's institutional framework and corpus of law are used by governments to reaffirm their position as the ultimate arbiter and promoter of national economic preferences in the defence industrial sector. To this end, the work asks why and how EU member state governments, European defence firms, and EU institutions developed EU-level defence industrial policy between 2003 and 2009. The book also analyses significant policy developments, including the establishment of a European Defence Agency and two EU Directives on equipment transfers and defence procurement.

"This book provides an empirical understanding of how EU-level defence industrial cooperation functions in practice. Using the Liberal Intergovernmental theoretical model, the book argues that while national economic preferences are an essential factor of government interests they only explain part of the dynamic that leads to the development of defence industrial policy at EU level. Moving beyond a simple adumbration of economic preferences, it shows how the EU's institutional framework and corpus of law are used by governments to re-affirm their position as the ultimate arbiter and promoter of national economic preferences in the defence industrial sector. To this end, the work asks why and how EU member state governments, European defence firms, and EU institutions developed EU-level defence industrial policy between 2003 and 2009. The book also analyses significant policy developments, including the establishment of a European defence agency and two EU directives on equipment transfers and defence procurement. This book will be of much interest to students of EU policy, defence studies, security studies and international relations in general"--

"Pillar three of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) focuses on the international community's responsibility to take 'timely and decisive action' to prevent and halt genocide, ethnic cleansing, war crimes, and crimes against humanity in those instances where a state is unable or unwilling to protection its own populations. A range of tools have been devised to aid in this 'timely and decisive action': economic sanctions, international criminal trials, and, most controversially, the use of force. The recent crises that have erupted in places such as Libya, Syria, and the Central African Republic highlight the continued relevance of the RtoP debate, but it also gives rise to the need to better understand the processes, opportunities and risks involved in moving from the RtoP as a norm to its operationalization under the third pillar. This book analyses the timeliness, legitimacy, proportionality, and effectiveness of pillar three responses through a series of chapters looking at international law, economic sanctions, military intervention, and alternative actions"--Back cover

AbstractThe European defence market can be described as a geoeconomically relevant sector that forms part of Europe's overall economy, not least in the way that it is a producer of military capabilities and technologies and a repository of scientific skills. Traditionally, European Union (EU)‐level steps to support and liberalise the sector have reflected a regulatory approach marked by soft law, but in recent years, the EU has also developed financial tools to incentivise defence co‐operation. Looking specifically at the European Defence Fund (EDF), this article views this transition as evidence of a 'geoeconomic turn' in European defence market policy that is a response to structural challenges related to technology control, security of supply and geopolitical competition. Employing relative gains theory and liberal intergovernmentalism, this article charts the transition from market liberalisation to industrial policy in EU defence market initiatives based on specific intra‐ and extra‐political dynamics.

Sicherheit vor Russland und China ist der eigentliche Gradmesser eines geopolitischen Europas. Das erfordert viel größere Verteidigungsanstrengungen. (IP)

Since 2016 the European Union has embarked on a step-change in the way it financially supports and incentivizes defense-industrial cooperation. The year 2022 will go down as another important moment in this process with the EU announcing a series of measures, such as joint defense procurement and joint planning and programming. Russia's war on Ukraine has only underlined the importance of such steps, but it has also exposed the vulnerabilities of the European Defense Technological and Industrial Base. This article provides an account of the development of EU defense-industrial policy since Russia's war on Ukraine and it critically engages with some of the challenges that have emerged for Europe's defense industry, EU Institutions and EU Member States. In so doing, the article asks whether the war on Ukraine will lead to a genuine step-change in EU defense-industrial cooperation.

La périphérie « sud » de l'Europe, dont les limites varient selon les cadres géopolitiques et institutionnels considérés, revêt une importance critique pour cette dernière d'un point de vue aussi bien économique que géopolitique. Le sud de l'Europe reste affecté par un arc d'instabilité, allant des côtes atlantiques de l'Afrique aux franges orientales du Moyen-Orient, englobant différents espaces maritimes. C'est pourquoi l'UE a toujours abordé son voisinage méridional sous l'angle de la sécurité maritime. À l'heure où tous les États européens surveillent avec anxiété les évolutions sur leur flanc oriental et cherchent des alternatives aux ressources naturelles russes, il convient de ne pas perdre de vue la façon dont l'Europe relève les défis de sécurité que pose le Sud et d'évaluer la capacité de cette dernière à s'imposer comme un acteur maritime crédible dans ces vastes régions.

L'Union européenne a adopté sa Boussole stratégique avec l'ambition de mieux répondre aux rivalités de puissances comme la Russie ou la Chine. Cela implique un niveau d'ambition plus important, nécessitant un engagement accru de la part des États-membres, le tout en vue de renforcer notre souveraineté.

Some … may look at the depleted nature of Russia's military after its invasion of Ukraine and incorrectly surmise that defence spending increases are not that necessary after all.

O Mercado Europeu da Defesa e as Indústrias: Novas Iniciativas, Novos Desafios O autor parte da afirmação de que, uma excessiva atenção dos países europeus sobre as suas prioridades nacionais no plano da defesa tem causado problemas estruturais no âmbito do mercado de defesa europeu relacionados com questões de concorrência, redundância de meios militares e desnecessários custos adicionais. Examinam-se os esforços recentemente desenvolvidos relativos ao apoio da Base Industrial e Tecnológica da Defesa Europeia e conclui refletindo sobre os desafios que a União Europeia e o mercado de defesa europeu enfrentam. O artigo estrutura-se em três partes. A primeira oferece uma perspetiva sobre as iniciativas recentemente desenvolvidas no domínio da defesa europeia. A segunda examina em que medida aqueles desenvolvimentos se têm traduzido em ações concretas no quadro da defesa europeia. Por último, conclui com algumas considerações estratégicas importantes no quadro do futuro da defesa europeia, nomeadamente o equilíbrio a alcançar entre a vontade dos Estados Membros, os incentivos europeus no plano da defesa e o interesse da indústria europeia em utilizar aqueles incentivos. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

For the first time, security and defence will be a separate heading in the next MFF even though Article 41.2 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) prohibits the use of the EU budget for defence reasons.