Suchergebnisse

En s'appuyant sur la théorie du chaos, l'autrice décrit les chemins de la pensée du courant « autonome » du féminisme latino-américain et des Caraïbes dans divers contextes et en réponse à la vague d'institutionnalisation, « d'ONGisation » et de cooptation du mouvement féministe par les gouvernements, les agences de financement et les organismes internationaux comme l'ONU et l'Agence internationale pour le développement (AID). Tout en présentant les apports politiques de la tendance autonome, elle critique le biais de certaines de ses positions qui dichotomisent le mouvement au point de se refuser à tout dialogue avec les autres féministes. Elle montre que la construction de l'autonomie est un processus permanent et que l'on ne saurait l'attribuer à aucun groupe ou personne en particulier, puisqu'il s'agit d'une construction collective, qui aujourd'hui encore doit être constamment réévaluée et transformée.

IF THE AUTHORS WANTS TO REACH PEOPLE, THEY HAVE TO START FROM WHERE THEY ARE'. THIS STATEMENT WAS RECENTLY MADE BY AMORY LOVINS IN A DISCUSSION OF STRATEGIES FOR THE PEACE MOVEMENT. IT POINTS TO A KEY ISSUE IN DISARMAMENT EDUCATION, ESPECIALLY IN THE UNITED STATES - THE NEED TO CONNECT THE NUCLEAR DANGER TO STUDENT'S PERSONAL CONCERNS SUCH AS FAMILY SECURITY AND JOB SECURITY. STUDENTS MUST BE HELPED TO REALIZE THAT THEIR GOVERNMENT'S POLICY OF ACQUIRING DESTABILIZING FIRST STRIKE WEAPONS AND PREPARING FOR 'PROTRACTED NUCLEAR WAR' WILL LEAD DOWN A PATH WHICH MAKES NUCLEAR WAR MORE LIKELY AND THUS NOT ONLY THREATENS THE FULFILLMENT OF THEIR PERSONAL GOALS, BUT ALSO THEIR VERY EXISTENCE. IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH A REALIZATION, THE YOUNG GENERATION WILL CONTINUE TO BELIEVE THAT MORE NUCLEAR WEAPONS WILL BUY THEM A PATH TO SAFETY.

Magnetic nanostructures are being developed for use in many aspects of our daily life, spanning areas such as data storage, sensing and biomedicine. Whereas patterned nanomagnets are traditionally two-dimensional planar structures, recent work is expanding nanomagnetism into three dimensions; a move triggered by the advance of unconventional synthesis methods and the discovery of new magnetic effects. In three-dimensional nanomagnets more complex magnetic configurations become possible, many with unprecedented properties. Here we review the creation of these structures and their implications for the emergence of new physics, the development of instrumentation and computational methods, and exploitation in numerous applications. ; This work has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements no. 309589: M3d, and no. 247368: 3SPIN. A.F-P. acknowledges support from an EPSRC Early Career Fellowship, EP/M008517/1 and from a Winton Fellowship. R.S. and P.F. acknowledge support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, under contract no. DE-AC02-05-CH11231 within the Non-Equilibrium Magnetic Materials programme (MSMAG).

Selected mental health and social characteristics of 51 homeless persons drawn as a probability sample from missions are compared to those of 1,338 men aged 18-64 years living in households from the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey conducted in Eastern Baltimore. Differences between the two groups were small with respect to age, race, education, and military service but the differences in mental health status, utilization patterns, and social dysfunction were large. About one-third of the homeless scored high on the General Health Questionnaire which measures distress. A similar proportion had a current psychiatric disorder as ascertained by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), with the homeless exhibiting higher prevalence rates in every DIS/DSM III diagnostic category compared to domiciled men. Homeless persons reported higher rates of hospitalization than household men for both mental (33 per cent vs 5 per cent) and physical (20 per cent vs 10 per cent) problems but a lower proportion received ambulatory care (41 per cent vs 50 per cent). Social dysfunction among the homeless was indicated by fewer social contacts and higher rates of arrests as adults than domiciled men (58 per cent vs 24 per cent), including multiple arrests (38 per cent vs 9 per cent) and felony convictions (16 per cent vs 5 per cent). Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of research and health policy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between birth weight and cognitive function in young adult life. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study based on birth registry data and cognitive function measured during evaluation for military service. SUBJECTS: 4300 Danish conscripts born between 1973 and 1975. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mean score in the Boerge Prien test of cognitive function; score is the number of correct answers to 78 questions and correlates with full scale intelligence quotient (IQ). RESULTS: Mean score in the Boerge Prien test increased from 39.9 at a birth weight of < or = 2500 g to 44.6 at a birth weight of 4200 g even after adjustment for gestational age and length at birth, maternal age and parity, and other variables. Above a birth weight of 4200 g the test score decreased slightly. CONCLUSION: Birth weight is associated with cognitive performance in young adult life. Interference with fetal growth may influence adult cognitive performance.

The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) was launched in 2000. To understand why some national programs have been more successful than others, a panel of individuals with expertise in LF elimination efforts met to assess available data from programs in 8 countries. The goal was to identify: 1) the factors determining success for national LF elimination programs (defined as the rapid, sustained reduction in microfilaremia/antigenemia after repeated mass drug administration [MDA]): 2) the priorities for operational research to enhance LF elimination efforts. Of more than 40 factors identified, the most prominent were 1) initial level of LF endemicity: 2) effectiveness of vector mosquitoes; 3) MDA drug regimen: 4) population compliance. Research important for facilitating program success was identified as either biologic (i.e., [1] quantifying differences in vectorial capacity; [2] identifying seasonal variations affecting LF transmission) or programmatic (i.e., [1] identifying quantitative thresholds, especially the population compliance levels necessary for success, and the antigenemia or microfilaremia prevalence at which MDA programs can stop with minimal risk of resumption of transmission; [2] defining optimal drug distribution strategies and timing; [3] identifying those individuals who are "persistently noncompliant" during MDAs, the reasons for this non-compliance and approaches to overcoming it). While addressing these challenges is important, many key determinants of program success are already clearly understood; operationalizing these as soon as possible will greatly increase the potential for national program success.