Suchergebnisse

Scholars from a range of disciplines use the term 'frame' to mean a variety of disjointed and incompatible concepts. This paper examines a range of framing literature, from the writings of authors including Erving Goffman, Tuen van Dijk, Serge Moscovici, George Lakoff, Alan Johnson, William Gamson, David Snow, Robert Benford and Paolo Donati. Then it develops the theoretical case for defining frames as semi-structured elements of discourse which people use to make sense of information they encounter. Additionally, this paper demonstrates the need to include social system frames, which provide patterns for understanding social relations, among the presently acknowledged frame types. Frames develop in parallel with language, vary across cultures, and shape, but are distinct from other extra-linguistic discourse forms, including myths and ideologies.

In the last 20 years, state care in China has shifted away from institutional care, towards alternative care that recognises children's rights to an inclusive childhood and adulthood. This book reviews changes in policy and practices that affected the generation of young people who grew up in state care in China during this time.The young people themselves give their perspectives on their childhood, their current experiences and their future plans for independence. These insights, combined with analysis of national state care datasets and policy documents, provide answers to questions about the impact of different types of alternative care on young people's experiences, the impact on their identity and their capacity to live independently, finding a job, a home and relationships. All countries continue to struggle with how to improve the quality child protection practices and alternatives to group care. The results here provide evidence to researchers, governments and professionals to help to improve social inclusion by changing institutionalisation practices.

I. Introduction -- II. Basic Biomedicine -- Speed of application -- Reproductive physiology -- Regulatory mechanisms -- The lungs -- The hormones, insulin and diabetes -- Hormones and ulcers -- Neurophysiology and mental diseases -- Cardiovascular diseases -- Comparative physiology -- Macromolecules and DNA -- The proteins -- Enzymes -- Biosynthesis -- Metabolic events -- Energy -- The molecular basis of disease -- Rational design of drugs -- Application of basic knowledge -- Selected additional reading -- III. Clinical Medicine -- Infectious diseases -- Parasitic diseases -- Community health and epidemiology -- Military research contributions -- Drugs -- Immunology -- Transplantation -- Anesthesiology -- Surgery -- Cardiovascular surgery -- Cardiovascular disease -- Renal disease -- Pulmonary disease -- Hematology -- Endocrinology -- Medical genetics -- Pediatrics -- Obstetrics and gynecology -- Geriatrics -- Nutrition -- Neurology -- Psychiatry -- Ophthalmology -- Otorhinolaryngology -- Radiology -- Nuclear medicine -- Bioengineering -- Automation -- Rehabilitation -- Conclusion -- Selected additional reading -- IV. Dental Science -- Dental decay -- Periodontal disease -- Other clinical considerations -- Delivery of dental services -- Dental materials -- Orthodontics -- Surgical orthodontics -- Maxillofacial prosthesis -- Selected additional reading -- V. Food -- Food from plants -- Harvest to table -- Food from animals -- Animal disease control -- Preserving and distributing food from animals -- Processing and preserving foods -- Conclusion -- Selected additional reading -- VI. Population Biology -- Population potential and carrying capacity -- Populations in ecosystems -- Controlling pest populations -- Selected additional reading -- VII. Environmental Hazards -- Biological hazards to man -- Chemical hazards to man -- Physical hazards to man -- Selected additional reading -- VIII. Marine Sciences -- Feeding man -- Resource assessment -- Behavior studies -- Value of prediction of fishing success -- Preservation of fishery products -- Fish protein concentrate -- Management of renewable resources -- Diseases and parasites -- Man and his environment -- Health and medical research -- Selected additional reading -- IX. Natural Resources -- Man and his resources -- Land: the greatest resource -- Forest and timber resources -- Game management -- Technology in resource management -- Microbes—the unseen resource -- Conversion of waste to resource -- Preserving for the future -- Conservation of man's abundance -- Selected additional reading.

Everyone has the right to employment. Work is important for health, well‐being, and social, economic, and financial inclusion. However, it is often difficult for people with intellectual disability to find and maintain work, especially in the open labour market. Policy challenges remain about whocan access open employment (also sometimes called competitive or supported employment) and how often people with intellectual disability do so. Greater understanding about the barriers that people with intellectual disability encounter when they try to find and keep work in open employment is needed.Drawing on research with 51 people with intellectual disability in Australia, this paper examines the systemic barriers they report to finding and maintaining work in open employment. The findings highlight that the barriers they experience stem from narrow, dismissive, and discouragingattitudes to their work in open employment and from a spectrum of experiences of stigma and discrimination in open workplaces. The paper thus provides new knowledge about reasons that people with intellectual disability may either reject or not continue in open employment and takeup less inclusive work options. The paper discusses the implications of the findings, including the need for policy development for attitudinal change, designing more varied roles for employees with intellectual disability, ensuring access to industrial relations protections, and increasing and better regulating and funding requirements on support to people with intellectual disability who are seeking work in open employment.

This project, led by researchers from the Australia and New Zealand School of Government, aims to build the organisational capacity of disability support organisations (DSOs) to provide peer support. It reviews current good practice approaches to implementing peer support networks in the Australian disability sector, and undertakes an international research and literature review on best practice delivery of peer support programs. The project develops and evaluates a suite of resources and training materials designed for organisations providing peer support programs, and develops good practice guidelines on implementing peer support programs to inform investment in peer support programs and networks in the future.

This study examines the role of one transnational corporation called the Alliance, in the promised development of Bohol in the Philippines, as a by-product of a water treatment and supply proposal linking in the island provinces of Bohol and Cebu. The findings suggest that economic objectives tend to take priority over social development. (DSE/DÜI)

To add to our understanding of language and cognition in congenitally blind children, the notion of nominal realism was probed. Subjects responded to questions regarding the origin of object names and whether these names could be changed. Inquiry also focused on whether the children assigned animistic qualities to the objects. Results of the investigation indicated that nominal realism, as an attribute of preoperational thought, remains a characteristic of blind children's thinking longer than it does for sighted children. This finding is related to the limitations blindness is thought to impose on children's interactions with objects, and the general delay in (Piagetian) cognitive development observed among congenitally blind youngsters. These results underscore the need for providing appropriate cognitive and linguistic experiences for young blind children.

The Australian Government Department of Social Services (DSS) contracted researchers at the University of New South Wales to develop guidelines for supported decision-making. Everyone has the right to make decisions – many people look to others for support to help make decisions. This may include assistance in understanding the choices available, understanding the impact of those choices, and helping implement those choices. People with cognitive impairment may need additional support for day-to-day decision-making as well as more significant decisions. This support may be provided formally through services, and informally by family and friends. This is different to substitute decision-making where someone else makes a decision for them – this may be done by parents (for someone under 18 years) or by legally appointed guardians or trustees.The Principles and Guide were developed to be compliant with Australia's international law obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). The Principles and Guide were also based on National Principles developed in an earlier project completed by the Australian Law Reform Commission (2014).

The National Alliance of Capacity Building Organisations (NACBO) is a national network of six not-for-profit, values-based organisations. The six independent organisations operate on a mix of fee for service and government funding, in most cases operating for many years. More recently, the six NACBO organisations have received funding by the Department of Social Services (DSS) to continue to build the capacity of people with disability and their informal supporters, to enable fuller social and economic participation of people with disability