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In: Human development, Band 57, Heft 5, S. 313-318
ISSN: 1423-0054
In: Child maltreatment: journal of the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children, Band 18, Heft 3, S. 184-194
ISSN: 1552-6119
Although maltreated children involved with child welfare services are known to exhibit elevated levels of health-risking behaviors, little is known about their decision-making processes leading to such tendencies. Research findings suggest that maltreated children exhibit developmental delays in neurocognitive and emotional regulation systems that could adversely impact their abilities to make decisions under conditions of risk. Whereas prior researchers have examined risky decision making as a global construct, maltreated children's decision making was examined in two contexts in the present study: potential gains and potential losses. Comparing maltreated children ( n = 25) and a nonmaltreated community group ( n = 112), it was found that the maltreated children showed decision-making impairments for both domains: This impairment was especially prominent in the loss domain. The maltreated children took excessive risks and were insensitive to changes in expected value. Follow-up analyses revealed that these differences were primarily associated with insensitivity to changes in outcome magnitude for the risky option. Finally, response latency analyses indicated that the maltreated children were slower to make choices, reinforcing underlying differences in decision processes between groups. These results have implications for basic and translational science.
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Band 33, Heft 10, S. 1822-1830
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Band 70, S. 369-374
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Research on social work practice, Band 28, Heft 6, S. 682-695
ISSN: 1552-7581
Objective: Present a systematic analysis of the outcome research concerning video feedback (VF) programs. Method: Twenty-nine studies published between 1990 and 2014 were examined. They focused on children 0–12 years old and had at least one control group. Results: VF programs were similar in design, with interventions focusing on parental and child behavior, parental sensitivity and attachment. In 41% of the measurements, the program effects were moderate or large in favor of the intervention groups, particularly regarding maternal sensitivity and children's behavior. Components of the VF programs were also examined. Two general problems emerged: lack of transparency/specificity of many programs with respect to the components, and heterogeneity among instruments used for measurement. Conclusions: Future research should focus on articulating intervention components and a standardized approach to measurement. This would facilitate comparisons of approaches and increase the possibility of implementing VF programs with fidelity in different professional settings.
In: Child maltreatment: journal of the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children, Band 11, Heft 1, S. 92-94
ISSN: 1552-6119
In: Child maltreatment: journal of the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children, Band 10, Heft 1, S. 61-71
ISSN: 1552-6119
Preschool-aged foster children face multiple risks for poor long-term outcomes. These risks appear to increase with the number of placement changes experienced. The Early Intervention Foster Care Program (EIFC) targets the spectrum of challenges that preschool-aged foster children face via a team approach delivered in home and community settings. In this article, we report on permanent placement outcomes from the EIFC randomized clinical trial. Children in EIFC had significantly fewer failed permanent placements than children in the regular foster care comparison condition. The number of prior placements was positively associated with the risk of failed permanent placements for children in the comparison condition but not for children in EIFC. Type of prior maltreatment did not predict permanent placement outcomes. These results provide the foundation of an evidence base for the EIFC program as a preventive intervention to improve permanent placement outcomes for preschool-aged foster children.
In: University Center for Human Values series
In: The University Center for Human Values Ser
How should we live? What do we owe to other people? In Goodness and Advice, the eminent philosopher Judith Jarvis Thomson explores how we should go about answering such fundamental questions. In doing so, she makes major advances in moral philosophy, pointing to some deep problems for influential moral theories and describing the structure of a new and much more promising theory. Thomson begins by lamenting the prevalence of the idea that there is an unbridgeable gap between fact and value--that to say something is good, for example, is not to state a fact, but to do something more like exp
In: Vulnerable children and youth studies, Band 4, Heft 2, S. 122-127
ISSN: 1745-0136
In: Children's services: social policy, research, and practice ; journal of the Division of Child, Youth, and Family Services of the American Psychological Association, Band 2, Heft 3, S. 159-182
ISSN: 1532-6918
In: Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, Band 2, S. 269-294
SSRN
In: Children and youth services review: an international multidisciplinary review of the welfare of young people, Band 105, S. 104395
ISSN: 0190-7409
In: Child & adolescent social work journal, Band 34, Heft 1, S. 65-79
ISSN: 1573-2797