Suchergebnisse

Gender-Mainstreaming beschäftigt die Behörden, Gender und Diversity bilden wichtige Managementinstrumente global agierender Unternehmen und es gibt wohl kaum eine Bildungseinrichtung, die nicht auch Gender-Kompetenz vermitteln möchte. Doch was steckt hinter dem Begriff »Gender«, wie ist es zu seiner Popularität gekommen? In welchem theoretischen und zeithistorischen Kontext ist Gender als Kategorie entstanden, und was ist aus der Unterscheidung von Sex und Gender geworden? Welche Folgen hat der häufig ungenaue, ja unbedarfte Wortgebrauch für die Geschlechterforschung? Und schließlich: Welche Zukunft hat der Begriff Gender? Ausgehend von diesen Fragen entwickeln die Autorinnen des Bandes aktuelle Ansätze feministischer Kritik mit dem Ziel, neue interdisziplinäre Perspektiven für die Geschlechterforschung zu entwerfen.

Etliche Spielfilme von Wim Wenders kreisen insgeheim, in einer hermetischen Bildersprache, um Gestalten der antiken Mythologie. Der verkappte Held gleich dreier seiner Filme ist der trickreiche Hermes, der sich in unterschiedlicher Manier und Absicht als moderner 'Seelenführer' zu bewähren hat. Auch Heroen und Götter der »Odyssee« holt Wenders quasi vom Sockel, setzt sie als unsere Zeitgenossen in Szene und lässt sie mit unterschiedlichem Erfolg agieren. Zu bewundern ist eine künstlerisch eigensinnige, so ernste wie witzige »Arbeit am Mythos«, die Wenders seit Jahrzehnten quasi ohne öffentliche Resonanz durchgehalten hat

Analytical politics investigates collective decision-making in political systems. Such voting behavior in groups takes place in parliaments, committees or the board of local football clubs. It is a frequent object of study for theoretical as well as empirical analysis. Previous contributions have demonstrated well the stabilizing effect of procedural rules, such as agenda-setting or multi-chamber systems, for collective decisions. These rules are applied in many institutions, such as the European Parliament or the German Bundestag. Their main purpose is to ensure reliable policy. Previous work continually used the restrictive assumption of separable preferences. This assumption implies that different aspects of a question do not influence each other. The limited validity of this hypothesis is apparent even in everyday situations. For example, the enjoyment of a delicious meal depends on the combination of food and drink. When choosing between fish and venison for dinner you also have to consider the question of which sort of wine to have with the meal; white with fish, and red with venison. This form of interdependence also occurs in legislation. For example, the savings determined in the Greek budget influence the preferences of the German public for financial assistance to Greece. The assumption of separable preferences is therefore in the critical focus of theoretical research. This literature discusses the impacts of and solutions to nonseparable preferences in detail. The analysis suggests an increased complexity for every decision-making process affected by nonseparable preferences. This complexity leads to difficulties in the operationalization of nonseparable preferences and is one of the reasons that there are too few empirical examinations. In addition, the stabilizing properties of institutional arrangements identified under the assumption of separable preferences are in question. The goal of this study is to close this gap between theory and empiricism. I investigate nonseparable preferences by conducting a laboratory experiment, which allows comprehensive environmental control. This facilitates the operationalization of nonseparable preferences. First, I prove the relevance of nonseparable preferences for analytical research on social interaction. The experiment is therefore completed by empirical case studies. Next, I investigate the effects of nonseparable preferences on collective and individual decision-making in the laboratory. Finally, I assess my contribution with respect to current research in social science and discuss possibilities to more accurately model of human behavior. The dissertation is structured as follows. I start in chapter 1 with the presentation of my research question and design. In chapter 2 the concept of nonseparable preferences is further clarified by means of exemplary case studies. It also discusses the theoretical foundations of nonseparable preferences. My hypotheses are specified along common concepts used in the literature. Based on empirical data the relevance of nonseparable preferences for political science research is demonstrated in chapter 3. Next, chapter 4 presents the design of the laboratory experiment. The effects of nonseparable preferences on collective decision-making are examined in chapter 5. Subsequently, determinants for the motivation function of individuals are scrutinized in chapter 6. In chapter 7 I report the results of the post-experiment survey. All findings are evaluated in chapter 8, where I focus on detailing their usefulness to future research on human behavior. Finally, chapter 9 summarizes the study and lists possibilities to further expand research in this area.