The New Europe. By Bernard Newman. (New York: The Macmillan Company. 1943. Pp. 568. $3.75.)
In: American political science review, Band 37, Heft 6, S. 1120-1121
ISSN: 1537-5943
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In: American political science review, Band 37, Heft 6, S. 1120-1121
ISSN: 1537-5943
In: American political science review, Band 37, Heft 2, S. 347-348
ISSN: 1537-5943
In: American political science review, Band 35, Heft 3, S. 577-578
ISSN: 1537-5943
In: American political science review, Band 34, Heft 5, S. 1025-1026
ISSN: 1537-5943
In: American political science review, Band 34, Heft 1, S. 144-144
ISSN: 1537-5943
In: The public opinion quarterly: POQ, Band 3, Heft 2, S. 263
ISSN: 1537-5331
In: Foreign affairs, Band 15, Heft 1, S. 311
ISSN: 0015-7120
In: The American journal of sociology, Band 40, Heft 4, S. 464-475
ISSN: 1537-5390
In: American political science review, Band 31, Heft 1, S. 71-79
ISSN: 1537-5943
In spite of the enormous literature on propaganda recently surveyed by a committee of the Social Science Research Council, there has not as yet emerged a generally accepted definition of propaganda. Consequently, any discussion in this field requires at the outset some statement or general indication of what one is dealing with, in order to reduce misunderstanding. As political scientists, we are taking a strictly pragmatic view of propaganda, as completely removed as possible from the area of psychological controversies. We have, for the purposes of our studies, considered only such propaganda as is manifested in the organized activities involved in efforts to get people to take a particular step, such as to vote for Roosevelt, or to abstain from objecting to a particular step, such as the United States' entry into the World War. These efforts, when promotional, may be denominated "a propaganda campaign." Such a campaign proceeds by the organized dissemination of propaganda appeals. But these same appeals can, and do, operate without any organized promotion; and still they tend to influence those whom they reach. Many different kinds of individuals carry these appeals—teachers, writers, gossips, etc. From the viewpoint of propaganda analysis, they may be called "propagandizers." In the course of a typical campaign, there appear propagandizers who indulge in various activities which are significant in spite of their unorganized nature. Different is the propagandist who participates in a propaganda campaign.