Suchergebnisse

Shift work is a social phenomenon with adverse effects on the lives and health of people in various aspects. This adverse effect decreases shift workers' ability over a time period. The aim of the present study was to survey disturbances due to shift work and some disorders associated with work ability index among nurses in educational hospitals, Ahvaz, Iran. This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 33 nurses at the Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran. The survey of shift workers questionnaire (SOS) and the Work Ability Index (WAI) questionnaire was used as data collection tools. The related data was analyzed based on the descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test, and Spearman correlation test using IBM SPSS software version 19. The results showed that 97% of problems related to the effects of shift work on the individuals' lives, families, and musculoskeletal disorders, 87.9% related to insomnia and social problems, and 75.8% related to mental disorders. Although it showed a significant relationship between the workability index with the variable of experience and mental disorders, it showed no significant relationship between the prevalence of insomnia and musculoskeletal disorders variables. The results of this study showed that shift working disrupts mental, social, and physical health that ultimately adversely affect the ability of shift workers. Therefore, it was recommended to adjust working hours and allocate the appropriate shifts to improve the workability of individuals.

Background and Aims: Exposure to electromagnetic fields occurs as a result of electronic equipment exploitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure to electromagnetic fields and its impact on the public health of computer users.Materials and methods: The present cross-sectional study involved 73 male employees. A calibrated gauss meter (model HI-3603, USA) was employed to measure the intensity of electromagnetic fields. A general health questionnaire was also used to assess the health status of the operators. T tests and chisquare test were used for data analysis. Ethical issues were all considered in all stages of the study, and required permission were received.Results: The electric field intensity range of desktop and laptop displays were measured 0.26 - 1.2 and 0.28 - 0.87 v/m, respectively. The corresponding intensity at a distance of 30 cm from desktop displays was 1.2 v/m; which was more than the standard level. Indeed, general health questionnaire results revealed that 39% of computer users suffer from the lack of public health. The public health status between two groups was significantly different (p<0.001).Conclusion: Exposure duration factor is not considered in exposure level standards for electromagnetic fields, and a ceiling amount is only reported. According to the results of this study, electromagnetic field intensity values were below standard limits at most of the measured points; however, given the long duration time of equipment usage, the health consequences of this exposure could be accounted as cumulative exposure.

Abstract
One of the main factors that causes health effects in humans such as hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease (HACVD), respiratory disease (RD), lung function, cardiovascular mortality (MCVD), lung cancer, and increased mortality is air pollution especially particulate matter (PM). This a systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects of particulate matter on the occurrence of cardiovascular disease and mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was done from 2011 to 2021 based on various databases. Based on the result of this study, subgroup analysis based on temperature conditions showed a different estimation in cold cities (6.24, UR (4.36–8.12)), moderate cities (4.86, UR (3.57–6.15)) and warm cities (8.96, UR (7.06–10.86)). Test of group differences showed a significant difference (Q=12.22, p-value<0.001). There was publication bias among the studies (the Egger's test; (Z=14.18, p<0.001)). According result study pooled estimation of AP% for MCVD from the random-effect meta-analysis based on DerSimonian-Laird model, overall is 5.04, UR (3.65–6.43) (Figure 4). Subgroup analysis based on temperature conditions showed the estimation in cold cities (5.47, UR (3.97–6.97)) and moderate cities (4.65, UR (0.54–8.77)). Test of group differences showed a non-significant difference (Q=0.13, p-value=0.71). There was no publication bias among the studies (the Egger's test; (Z=0.82, p=0.376)). Exposed to air pollutants and particulate matter can be increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and cardiovascular mortality.