Suchergebnisse

Most survey research involves a large number of schedules with nonresponses, but no commonly agreed upon guidelines exist for handling the phenomenon in analysis. Part of the reason for this lack of guidelines may lie in the very conception of the phenomenon as random. Evidence presented here suggests that nonresponse is not a random phenomenon but is systematically related to definite R characteristics. An index of nonsubstantive response was developed for R's interviewed in connection with the 1960, 1964, & 1968 national election studies (N=1,181, 1,834, & 1,673 respectively) conducted by the U of Michigan's Survey Research Center. The index was found to be systematically related to R's age, education, income, sex, race, political involvement, & an index of political efficacy. In general it is hypothesized that nonsubstantive responses like "don't know" are a response style evinced by people excluded from information, influence, & decision-making processes. 7 Tables. AA.

The United States government has something like 500 research and development laboratories. They include labs operated by the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Defense, Department of Commerce, Department of Energy and Department of Transportation, as well as national labs and labs of the Atomic Energy Commission. For a long time the government has wanted these labs to transfer technology to industry, especially in our post‐war world. Have they succeeded in this transfer?

Interviews conducted with the chief executives of 123 manufacturing firms are used to examine the process of start-up & innovation in high- & low-technology firms. Findings reveal that both types of firms have founders with previous work experience in similar firms & are embedded in networks of manufacturing firms that buy & sell to each other. However, high-tech firms are more innovative, have more educated founders & staff, & more often secure some kind of government help. 7 Tables, 21 References. Adapted from the source document.

ABSTRACTInnovation, use of high technology, and flexibility of response to customer needs are studied in two surveys of small manufacturing firms in New York and Pennsylvania. They are shown in both surveys to be separate and unrelated concepts. None of five industry‐level classifications of high‐technology firms, using SIC codes predict these concepts on a firm level. Only innovation is related to a sophisticated firm marketing program. and to export from the state.