This paper presents an analysis of the price structure of gasoline in Colombia from 1999 to 2009, by doing a comparison of the resolution with which the Colombian government sets the actual price regarding the public sale price in general in the different service stations. The beginning shows how the WTI price influences the gasoline prices in countries such as United States, Venezuela, and France, but for Colombia the relation is not clear yet. Then the article exposes the factors used to set the price of gasoline in Colombia. Finally, it is concluded that the price of Colombian gasoline is very high and does not follow the equation proposed by the government and the factors that have the most influence on the final price are the producer income mainly affected by the WTI and the Market Representative Rate.
This article develops the approximate analysis of the Free on Board Price (FOB) of thermal coal in Colombia for the period 2012-2020. For the estimation it was used the artificial neural networks model as a methodological foundation work. In order to understand how the price of the commodity is affected by the economic, political and social characteristics of each space-time, we review the historical behavior of the price of coal in the international scope and the geopolitical context in which these were framed, identifying a period of 32 years approximately. Likewise, an analysis of price behavior by using the DJIA index and its relation to the nominal prices of coal, and real prices deflacted to present value of 2012. Then we obtain the prediction of prices using the predictive model generated by the neural network algorithm used, ending with the approach of the conclusions obtained according to the results. ; En el presente artículo se desarrolla el análisis aproximado para el precio FOB (Free on Board) del carbón térmico de Colombia para el periodo 2012-2020. Para la estimación se hizo uso del modelo de redes neuronales artificiales como fundamento metodológico del trabajo. Con el fin de comprender como se afecta el precio del commodity según la situación económica, política y social propia de cada espacio temporal, se realizó una revisión del comportamiento histórico del precio del carbón en el ámbito internacional y el contexto geopolítico en que se enmarcaron estos, identificando un ciclo de 32 años aproximadamente. Así mismo, se realizó un análisis del comportamiento del precio haciendo uso del Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) y su relación con los precios nominales del carbón, y los precios reales deflactados a valor presente del año 2012. Posteriormente se obtiene la predicción de los precios usando el modelo predictivo generado por el algoritmo de redes neuronales utilizado, finalizando con las conclusiones obtenidas de acuerdo a los resultados arrojados.
