Suchergebnisse

Introduction; Physical cause of the problem; Groundwater conditions; Anticipated effects of continued groundwater mining; The agricultural picture; The past; Irrigation development; The local economy; Employment; The future; General procedures; Source of data; The simulation model; Base-year situation; Irrigated crops and acreages; Dryland crops and acreages; Ranching; Budgets for the principal agricultural land uses; Income and costs of agriculture; Purchases and employment in the community; Projections as irrigation water is used up; Types of projections; Alternatives without irrigation; Irrigation decline by 10-year intervals; Special situation: No government programs; Comments on procedure; Simulation model; Sensitivity of study to changes in budget estimates; Conclusions; Literature cited; Appendix ; Bulletin containing the results of a study into the declining availability of water for irrigation in Curry and Roosevelt counties in New Mexico, including projections on the economic impact of limited irrigation, and possible alternatives to crops and operations that require high levels of irrigation.

"Public Financial Management covers the five major pillars of this sub-discipline of public administration: context, public finance, retirement systems, performance measurement and budgeting, and international perspectives. This text offers practitioners information valuable in their day-to-day operations, while also providing students in public administration and public management programs with a solid foundation for their own development as future professionals and researchers. Overall this volume promotes linkages between resource allocation and "value-adds" for citizens and stakeholders, driving innovations in operations and increased transparency in reporting."--Provided by publisher.

This article proposes new directions for a reoriented public financial management in the 1990s. Substantively, it calls for less research and pedagogy devoted to budget theory and format work and greater attention to "nuts-and-bolts" topics such as cash management, forecasting, and budget execution, as well as broader social issues related to American competitiveness. Another major area for consideration is bureaucratic incentive structure, a topic generally thought of as falling in the purview of public personnel. Concomitant with this reorientation, I hope that public financial management will eschew public administration's traditional hostility to Economic Man and its concern for capital formation (broadly defined to include human as well as financial capital), savings, and growth. The article closes with exemplar works for research and teaching.

Forecasts of revenue from major sources in eight Florida cities suggest that simple time-series models such as the moving average and exponential smoothing may be appropriate for revising revenue forecasts within the fiscal year, a practice that has been shown to help local governments budget closer to the ever-tighter budget restraints they face. However, interviews with local officials and examination of their budget and accounting records confirm prior findings that limited forecasting expertise and data availability in local governments may limit the utilization of these methods. Moreover, the norm of revenue underforecasting, noted in this study and elsewhere, suggests a degree of risk aversion that may preclude experimentation with the models tested in the study. Ironically, this may place local officials at greater risk of misestimating revenue at a time when their revenue streams are becoming less reliant on the stable property tax and increasingly reliant on more volatile, economically sensitive sources such as fees and user charges.