Shifts in Opioid Substitution Treatment Policy in Denmark from 2000–2011
In: Substance use & misuse: an international interdisciplinary forum, Band 48, Heft 11, S. 997-1009
ISSN: 1532-2491
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In: Substance use & misuse: an international interdisciplinary forum, Band 48, Heft 11, S. 997-1009
ISSN: 1532-2491
In: Substance use & misuse: an international interdisciplinary forum, Band 47, Heft 5, S. 462-473
ISSN: 1532-2491
AIM: This article traces recent developments in Danish cannabis policy, by exploring how "cannabis use" is problematised and governed within different co-existing policy areas. BACKGROUND: Recently, many countries have changed their cannabis policy by introducing medical cannabis and/or by moving toward legalisation or decriminalisation. Researchers have thus argued that traditional notions of cannabis as a singular and coherent object, are being replaced by perspectives that highlight the multiple ontological character of cannabis. At the same time, there is growing recognition that drug policy is not a unitary phenomenon, but rather composed by multiple "policy areas", each defined by particular notions of what constitutes the relevant policy "problem". DESIGN: We draw on existing research, government reports, policy papers and media accounts of policy and policing developments. RESULTS: We demonstrate how Danish cannabis policy is composed of different co-existing framings of cannabis use; as respectively a social problem, a problem of deviance, an organised crime problem, a health- and risk problem and as a medical problem. CONCLUSION: While the international trend seems to be that law-and-order approaches are increasingly being replaced by more liberal approaches, Denmark, on an overall level, seems to be moving in the opposite direction: Away from a lenient decriminalisation policy and towards more repressive approaches. We conclude that the prominence of discursive framings of cannabis use as a "problem of deviance" and as "a driver of organised crime", has been key to this process.
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In: Søgaard , T F , Nygaard-Christensen , M & Frank , V A 2021 , ' Danish cannabis policy revisited : Multiple framings of cannabis use in policy discourse ' , Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs , vol. 38 , no. 4 , pp. 377-393 . https://doi.org/10.1177/14550725211018602
Recently, many countries have changed their cannabis policy by introducing medical cannabis and/or by moving toward different forms of legalisation and/or decriminalisation. Researchers have thus argued that traditional notions of cannabis as a singular and coherent object, are gradually being replaced by perspectives that highlight the multiple ontological character of cannabis. At the same time, there is growing recognition that drug policy is not a unitary phenomenon. Based on the idea that drug policy is composed by multiple "policy areas" each defined by particular notions of what constitutes the relevant policy "problem", this article explores how Danish cannabis policy is composed of different co-existing framings of cannabis use; as respectively a social problem, a problem of deviance, an organised crime problem, a health- and risk problem and as a medical problem. While the international trend seems to be that law-and-order approaches are increasingly being replaced by more liberal approaches, we show how Denmark, on an overall level, seems to be moving in the opposite direction: Away from a lenient decriminalisation policy of cannabis use and towards more repressive approaches. We demonstrate how the prominence of discursive framings of cannabis use as a "problem of deviance" and as "a driver of organised crime", has been key to this process. ; Aim: This article traces recent developments in Danish cannabis policy, by exploring how "cannabis use" is problematised and governed within different co-existing policy areas. Background: Recently, many countries have changed their cannabis policy by introducing medical cannabis and/or by moving toward legalisation or decriminalisation. Researchers have thus argued that traditional notions of cannabis as a singular and coherent object, are being replaced by perspectives that highlight the multiple ontological character of cannabis. At the same time, there is growing recognition that drug policy is not a unitary phenomenon, but rather composed by multiple "policy areas", each defined by particular notions of what constitutes the relevant policy "problem". Design: We draw on existing research, government reports, policy papers and media accounts of policy and policing developments. Results: We demonstrate how Danish cannabis policy is composed of different co-existing framings of cannabis use; as respectively a social problem, a problem of deviance, an organised crime problem, a health- and risk problem and as a medical problem. Conclusion: While the international trend seems to be that law-and-order approaches are increasingly being replaced by more liberal approaches, Denmark, on an overall level, seems to be moving in the opposite direction: Away from a lenient decriminalisation policy and towards more repressive approaches. We conclude that the prominence of discursive framings of cannabis use as a "problem of deviance" and as "a driver of organised crime", has been key to this process.
BASE
In: Substance use & misuse: an international interdisciplinary forum, Band 48, Heft 11, S. 933-942
ISSN: 1532-2491
In: European addiction research, Band 17, Heft 3, S. 119-128
ISSN: 1421-9891
<i>Aims:</i> To compare domestic cannabis cultivation in Denmark and Finland to describe national characteristics in small-scale cannabis growing. <i>Design:</i> A Web survey conducted among small-scale cannabis growers in Denmark (June to November 2008) and Finland (May to June 2009). <i>Participants:</i> Current cannabis growers (Denmark, 401; Finland, 1,054). <i>Measurements:</i> Comparisons in regard to social background, growing history, practices, purposes and motives of growing, and perceptions of risks. <i>Findings:</i> Cannabis was cultivated primarily for own use, but sharing with friends and avoiding criminal circles also were significant motives for growing. Finnish growers prioritized indoor cultivation, whereas the Danes were more in favor of open-air plantations. Risks of getting caught by the police were observed to be greater in Finland. Growing for medical purposes was twice as prevalent in Finland as in Denmark. <i>Conclusions:</i> Cannabis growing is a stronger and more novel phenomenon in Finland than in Denmark, but both countries have been influenced by international trends. Finnish and Danish small-scale cannabis cultivators can be considered to be ideologically oriented lifestyle growers. Differences in the magnitude of the phenomenon may reflect differences in the availability and quality of cannabis in national drug markets. The Internet had promoted the spreading of the trend.
In: Probation journal: the journal of community and criminal justice, Band 62, Heft 2, S. 156-171
ISSN: 1741-3079
The purpose of this article is to employ a user-perspective on prison drug treatment. Based on data from 32 in-depth qualitative interviews with inmates and three months of observational studies in three Danish prisons, the article examines how drug treatment in prison is experienced and strategically approached by enrolled inmates. The analysis shows the broad range of reasons for entering as well as staying in treatment during imprisonment, including how the prison setting influences and constrains inmates' experiences in different ways. By employing a user-perspective the article follows the research tradition, beginning in the 1990s, of including drug users' perspectives on treatment. It adds important information to the drug treatment literature on issues such as organization, social relations and output of drug treatment. Including a user-perspective, we were able to uncover aspects and experiences of treatment services that differ from other actors in the field, e.g. counsellors, medical doctors, nurses, politicians, and officers. A user-perspective also challenges our understanding of what is at play in drug treatment as well as treatment in prisons.