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Offers a broad historical overview of the evolution of thinking & activism since the Middle Ages regarding the human rights of women & gender equality. Though focus is on the North, it is argued that the struggle for women's rights undoubtedly transpired similarly in the countries of the South; however, documentation is sparse until the 20th century. It is suggested that the earliest advocates of women's rights were those educators who believed that, by learning to read, women would be freed to explore the world outside the domestic sphere. This drive to define women's rights & eliminate sex-based discrimination is linked to larger movements toward democratization & concern over universal human rights. The 18th-century origins of feminism are traced, & major figures in the battle for women's rights over the next 2 centuries are identified. The insertion of larger political bodies (eg, the UN) into local & national struggles is described, & progress made toward ensuring that women have the same human rights as men is evaluated at the dawn of the 21st century. K. Hyatt Stewart

Offers a broad historical overview of the evolution of thinking & activism since the Middle Ages regarding the human rights of women & gender equality. Though focus is on the North, it is argued that the struggle for women's rights undoubtedly transpired similarly in the countries of the South; however, documentation is sparse until the 20th century. It is suggested that the earliest advocates of women's rights were those educators who believed that, by learning to read, women would be freed to explore the world outside the domestic sphere. This drive to define women's rights & eliminate sex-based discrimination is linked to larger movements toward democratization & concern over universal human rights. The 18th-century origins of feminism are traced, & major figures in the battle for women's rights over the next 2 centuries are identified. The insertion of larger political bodies (eg, the UN) into local & national struggles is described, & progress made toward ensuring that women have the same human rights as men is evaluated at the dawn of the 21st century. K. Hyatt Stewart

Issues of violence against women and the connection between discrimination and violence, raised at the 1993 Vienna conference; role of nongovernmental organizations.

Introduction : ideas into action / Irene Tinker -- Crossroads for women at the UN / Aziza Hussein -- Breaking new ground at the UN and the World Bank / Gloria Scott -- The UN, women, and development : the World Conferences on Women / Leticia Ramos Shahani -- Walking my own road : how a sabbatical year led to a United Nations career / Margaret Snyder -- Walking on eggshells at the UN / Kristen Timothy -- Challenging wisdom, changing policies : the women in development movement / Irene Tinker -- Striding forward: an Italian NGO in the developing nations / Daniela Colombo -- The International Women's Tribune Center : expanding the struggle for women's rights at the UN / Anne S. Walker -- ISIS International : a Latin American perspective / Ana María Portugal -- Women's world banking / Michaela Walsh -- A view from the South : a story of intersections / Devaki Jain -- A Caribbean journey : defending feminist politics / Peggy Antrobus -- Searching for equality : WID needed at home and abroad / Vivian Lowery Derryck -- Seizing opportunities : USAID, WID, and CEDAW / Arvonne S. Fraser -- Toward empowerment : influencing the Netherlands aid programs / Geertje Lycklama à Nijeholt -- Crossing the line : from academia to the WID office at USAID / Jane S. Jaquette -- Full circle : from academia to government and back / Elsa M. Chaney -- A Brazilian feminist and a new constitution / Jacqueline Pitanguy -- Pioneering women's forestry issues at FAO / Marilyn W. Hoskins -- Creating a commonwealth sisterhood / Dorienne Rowan-Campbell -- Women empowering women through NGOs / Elise Fiber Smith -- Gardening for development / Martha Wells Lewis -- The Ford Foundation and the power of international sisterhood / Cornelia Butler Flora -- Hard minds and soft hearts : a university memoir / Kathleen Cloud -- Notes from the middle border : WID on campus / Jane B. Knowles -- Straddling borders : global to local / Kathleen Staudt -- Education, women, and politics in Kenya / Eddah W. Gachukia