AbstractThe utility value of an academic task can affect university students' learning behavior and career choices. For collectivistic-oriented students, learning and career goals also matter to their families. Following expectancy-value theory, we assumed that families' achievement-related expectations would affect collectivistic-oriented students' utility value. We conducted a survey study with 154 international university students in Germany. We found a significant mediation effect of students' distal utility value of their university coursework on the relationship between students' collectivism, learning goal orientation, and motivation to follow family-oriented distal career goals, respectively. Practical implications for career counselors and university teachers are discussed.
Abstract. How immigrants define their ethnicity and nationality is relevant for integration: They can identify with their ethnic group, the receiving society, and a combination of both. A longitudinal study with elementary-school children with migration background ( N = 200; age 9–10) in Germany investigated the predictors and stability of ethnic and national identities. Ethnic identity was more highly endorsed than national identity. National and dual identities were compatible (i.e., positively related), whereas ethnic identity was compartmentalized (i.e., unrelated to national and dual identities). Contact with Germans predicted national identity over time, but not vice versa. Thus, the study contributes to a better understanding of multiple social identities of young ethnic minority children in light of social psychological theories of social identity development.
In: Journal of social issues: a journal of the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, American Psychological Association, Band 79, Heft 1, S. 264-290
AbstractStigmatized individuals often feel threatened by negative stereotypes about their group. Previous research showed that concerns about being negatively stereotyped (i.e., social identity threat) have detrimental effects on performance in the stereotyped domain. Little research has focused on interpersonal consequences of negative stereotypes, despite their essential role for integration of stigmatized groups like immigrants. The current work examines the relations of social identity threat with sense of belonging and social approach motivation in immigrant university students, and the moderating effect of ethnic and national identity. Two studies with immigrant university students in Norway (total sample N = 252) showed that concerns about being negatively stereotyped at university were negatively associated with immigrant students' sense of belonging to university which in turn related to lower social approach motivation toward other students. Further, social approach motivation predicted students' behavioral intentions to approach social events. There was also first evidence for a moderating effect of ethnic and national identity on the relationship between social identity threat and sense of belonging. Practical implications for immigrants' societal and educational integration are discussed.
Abstract. In many countries, there is a gap in academic performance between native-born students and students with certain immigrant backgrounds. Based on ultimate attribution error theory, we examined the stereotypes and causal attributions that German student teachers use to account for immigrants' underperformance. By including both Turkish-origin and Italian-origin migrants, we assessed whether these judgments are group-specific. A pilot study (N = 70) showed that Turkish-origin migrants were viewed more negatively than either Germans or Italian-origin migrants. Studies 1 (N = 65) and 2 (N = 54) showed that negative stereotypes moderated judgments of internal responsibility for both immigrant groups. Study 2 also showed that negative stereotypes moderated external attributions for the underperformance of Turkish-origin, but not Italian-origin, migrants.
AbstractObjectiveThe goal was to investigate whether and how the well‐being of mothers and fathers was differentially affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic in four European countries and whether differences in stress and social support explain observed gender differences.BackgroundPrevious research documents that the COVID‐19 pandemic had a significant impact on many people's lives and that some groups, such as women and parents, were affected more negatively than others. This study investigates potential underlying mechanisms and protective factors.MethodIn November 2020, 448 parents (218 fathers and 230 mothers, Mage = 41.18, SD = 8.47) from four European countries (Norway, Sweden, Germany, and the United Kingdom) completed an online questionnaire. Parents of elementary schoolchildren reported their stress, well‐being, and social support currently and retrospectively for the first lockdown (spring 2020).ResultsMothers experienced lower well‐being than fathers during the pandemic, and parental well‐being differed between countries. In addition, the stress caused by the need to combine paid work and child care partly mediated the relationship between gender and well‐being, and social support played a protective role by buffering individuals from the negative impact of stress on well‐being.ConclusionThe study allows a more differentiated perspective on the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on parental well‐being in Europe.ImplicationsResults suggest in future health‐related crises, policymakers and practitioners working with families should focus on providing additional support to mothers of young children to maintain their well‐being.
The purpose of this article is to present approaches that can help reducing the gaps between research and practice in the field of refugee integration. We provide examples of research-practice transfer activities that we hope will be taken up by researchers in different fields and implemented for refugee integration in various countries. We describe examples of bi-directional transfer between social psychological researchers and practitioners working with refugees organized by the "Fachnetzwerk Sozialpsychologie zu Flucht und Integration" (German Social Psychology Network on Forced Migration and Integration), and report on evaluations of these transfer activities. The activities so far include two transfer days for researchers and practitioners organized by the network, as well as articles provided by researchers and practitioners for mutual exchange on the platform www.fachnetzflucht.de Based on these experiences, we present lessons learned and derive recommendations for transfer activities in general as well as in the specific field of refugee integration.
In: Kosakowska-Berezecka , N , Besta , T , Bosson , J K , Jurek , P , Vandello , J A , Best , D L , Wlodarczyk , A , Safdar , S , Zawisza , M , Zadkowska , M , Sobiecki , J , Agyemang , C B , Akbas , G , Ammirati , S , Anderson , J , Anjum , G , Aruta , J J B R , Ashraf , M , Bakaityte , A , Bi , C , Becker , M , Bender , M , Berxulli , D , Bosak , J , Daalmans , S , Dandy , J , de Lemus , S , Dvorianchikov , N , Etchezahar , E , Froehlich , L , Gavreliuc , A , Gavreliuc , D , Gomez , A , Greijdanus , H , Grigoryan , A , Hale , M-L , Hamer , H , Hoorens , V , Hutchings , P B , Jensen , D H , Kelmendi , K , Khachatryan , N , Kinahan , M , Kozlowski , D , Lauri , M A , Li , J , Maitner , A T , Makashvili , A , Mancini , T , Martiny , S E , Dordevic , J M , Moreno-Bella , E , Moscatelli , S , Moynihan , A B , Muller , D , Ochoa , D , Adebayo , S O , Pacilli , M G , Palacio , J , Patnaik , S , Pavlopoulos , V , Piterova , I , Puzio , A , Pyrkosz-Pacyna , J , Renteria-Perez , E , Rousseaux , T , Sainz , M , Salvati , M , Samekin , A , Garcia-Sanchez , E , Schindler , S , Sherbaji , S , Sobhie , R , Sulejmanovic , D , Sullivan , K E , Torre , B , Torres , C , Ungaretti , J , Valshtein , T , Van Laar , C , van der Noll , J , Vasiutynskyi , V , Vohra , N , Zapata-Calvente , A L & Zukauskiene , R 2020 , ' Country-level and individual-level predictors of men's support for gender equality in 42 countries ' , European Journal of Social Psychology , vol. 50 , no. 6 , pp. 1276-1291 . https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2696
Men sometimes withdraw support for gender equality movements when their higher gender status is threatened. Here, we expand the focus of this phenomenon by examining it cross-culturally, to test if both individual- and country-level variables predict men's collective action intentions to support gender equality. We tested a model in which men's zero-sum beliefs about gender predict reduced collective action intentions via an increase in hostile sexism. Because country-level gender equality may threaten men's higher gender status, we also examined whether the path from zero-sum beliefs to collective action intentions was stronger in countries higher in gender equality. Multilevel modeling on 6,734 men from 42 countries supported the individual-level mediation model, but found no evidence of moderation by country-level gender equality. Both country-level gender equality and individual-level zero-sum thinking independently predicted reductions in men's willingness to act collectively for gender equality.
In: Kosakowska-Berezecka , N , Besta , T , Bosson , J K , Jurek , P , Vandello , J A , Best , D L , Wlodarczyk , A , Safdar , S , Zawisza , M , Zadkowska , M , Sobiecki , J , Agyemang , C B , Akbas , G , Ammirati , S , Anderson , J , Anjum , G , Aruta , J J B R , Ashraf , M , Bakaityte , A , Bi , C , Becker , M , Bender , M , Berxulli , D , Bosak , J , Daalmans , S , Dandy , J , de Lemus , S , Dvorianchikov , N , Etchezahar , E , Froehlich , L , Gavreliuc , A , Gavreliuc , D , Gomez , A , Greijdanus , H , Grigoryan , A , Hale , M-L , Hamer , H , Hoorens , V , Hutchings , P B , Jensen , D H , Kelmendi , K , Khachatryan , N , Kinahan , M , Kozlowski , D , Lauri , M A , Li , J , Maitner , A T , Makashvili , A , Mancini , T , Martiny , S E , Dordevic , J M , Moreno-Bella , E , Moscatelli , S , Moynihan , A B , Muller , D , Ochoa , D , Adebayo , S O , Pacilli , M G , Palacio , J , Patnaik , S , Pavlopoulos , V , Piterova , I , Puzio , A , Pyrkosz-Pacyna , J , Renteria-Perez , E , Rousseaux , T , Sainz , M , Salvati , M , Samekin , A , Garcia-Sanchez , E , Schindler , S , Sherbaji , S , Sobhie , R , Sulejmanovic , D , Sullivan , K E , Torre , B , Torres , C , Ungaretti , J , Valshtein , T , Van Laar , C , van der Noll , J , Vasiutynskyi , V , Vohra , N , Zapata-Calvente , A L & Zukauskiene , R 2020 , ' Country-level and Individual-level Predictors of Men's Support for Gender Equality in 42 Countries ' , European Journal of Social Psychology , vol. 50 , no. 6 , pp. 1276-1291 . https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2696 ; ISSN:0046-2772
Men sometimes withdraw support for gender equality movements when their higher gender status is threatened. Here, we expand the focus of this phenomenon by examining it cross-culturally, to test if both individual- and country-level variables predict men's collective action intentions to support gender equality. We tested a model in which men's zero-sum beliefs about gender predict reduced collective action intentions via an increase in hostile sexism. Because country-level gender equality may threaten men's higher gender status, we also examined whether the path from zero-sum beliefs to collective action intentions was stronger in countries higher in gender equality. Multilevel modeling on 6,734 men from 42 countries supported the individual-level mediation model, but found no evidence of moderation by country-level gender equality. Both country-level gender equality and individual-level zero-sum thinking independently predicted reductions in men's willingness to act collectively for gender equality.