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AbstractIn 2016, Latter‐day Saint Charities, the humanitarian arm of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter‐day Saints, sponsored instructor–training courses in 29 countries for neonatal resuscitation, training 3806 instructors. This study describes by country the type of professionals trained (27.7 per cent were doctors, 32.7 per cent were nurses and 19.6 per cent were midwives), the resuscitation equipment provided (bag and mask, bulb syringe and stethoscope), the number of deliveries and resuscitations performed and the extent that trainees train others. Overall, the per cent of deliveries requiring resuscitation was 8.2 per cent. On average, over 20 health care workers were trained within 6 months by each professional initially trained by Latter‐day Saint Charities. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Comunicación presentada en: 2012 European Aerosol Conference (EAC-2012), B-WG01S2P30, celebrada del 2 al 7 de septiembre de 2012 en Granada. ; Financial supports from the Spanish MICIIN (projects of ref. CGL2008-05939-CO3-01/CLI, CGL 2009-09740, and "Acción Complementaria" CGL2010-09480-E and CGL2011-13085-E), and from the Environmental Council of the CyL Regional Government (Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Castilla y León) are gratefully acknowledged.

We report the results of Sub-Arctic aerosol properties, obtained during three field campaigns conducted in 2005 and 2006. These have been carried out at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR), Andøya Rocket Range, Norway (69N, 16E, 380 m asl), and were supported by the eARI (enhanced Access to Research Infrastructure) program of the European Union. The instruments used for this study are the ALOMAR tropospheric Lidar and a Cimel sun photometer. Data in situ from cascade impactors are also included to know the levels of total suspended particles and major ionic components during the measurement period in 2005. Back trajectory analysis is presented. The evolution of the vertical distribution of the aerosols is analyzed, in order to study aerosol stratification and height patterns for the long-range transported aerosols to this coastal Sub-Arctic site. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The University of Valladolid (UVa, Spain) has managed a calibration center of the AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) since 2006. The CÆLIS software tool, developed by UVa, was created to manage the data generated by AERONET photometers for calibration, quality control and data processing purposes. This paper exploits the potential of this tool in order to obtain products like the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (AE), which are of high interest for atmospheric and climate studies, as well as to enhance the quality control of the instruments and data managed by CÆLIS. The AOD and cloud screening algorithms implemented in CÆLIS, both based on AERONET version 3, are described in detail. The obtained products are compared with the AERONET database. In general, the differences in daytime AOD between CÆLIS and AERONET are far below the expected uncertainty of the instrument, ranging in mean differences between −1.3×10−4 at 870 nm and 6.2×10−4 at 380 nm. The standard deviations of the differences range from 2.8×10−4 at 675 nm to 8.1×10−4 at 340 nm. The AOD and AE at nighttime calculated by CÆLIS from Moon observations are also presented, showing good continuity between day and nighttime for different locations, aerosol loads and Moon phase angles. Regarding cloud screening, around 99.9 % of the observations classified as cloud-free by CÆLIS are also assumed cloud-free by AERONET; this percentage is similar for the cases considered cloud-contaminated by both databases. The obtained results point out the capability of CÆLIS as a processing system. The AOD algorithm provides the opportunity to use this tool with other instrument types and to retrieve other aerosol products in the future. This research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant no. RTI2018-097864-B-I00) and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant no. 871115). ; The authors gratefully thank AERONET and PHOTONS teams for the collaboration and support. The authors thank the ...

Sensitivity studies indicate that among the diverse error sources of ground-based sky radiometer observations, the pointing error plays an important role in the correct retrieval of aerosol properties. The accurate pointing is specially critical for the characterization of desert dust aerosol. The present work relies on the analysis of two new measurement procedures (cross and matrix) specifically designed for the evaluation of the pointing error in the standard instrument of the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), the Cimel CE-318 Sun photometer. The first part of the analysis contains a preliminary study whose results conclude on the need of a Sun movement correction for an accurate evaluation of the pointing error from both new measurements. Once this correction is applied, both measurements show equivalent results with differences under 0.01° in the pointing error estimations. The second part of the analysis includes the incorporation of the cross procedure in the AERONET routine measurement protocol in order to monitor the pointing error in field instruments. The pointing error was evaluated using the data collected for more than a year, in 7 Sun photometers belonging to AERONET sites. ; We thank the AERONET, PHOTONS, RIMA and WRC staff for their scientific and technical support. Financial support was provided by the Spanish CICYT (CGL2009-09740 and CGL2011-23413, CGL2011-13085-E). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 262254 [ACTRIS].

More than 2 years of columnar atmospheric aerosol measurements (2006–2009) at the Tamanrasset site (22.79° N, 5.53° E, 1377 m a.s.l.), in the heart of the Sahara, are analysed. Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) level 2.0 data were used. The KCICLO (K is the name of a constant and ciclo means cycle in Spanish) method was applied to a part of the level 1.5 data series to improve the quality of the results. The annual variability of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Ångström exponent (AE) has been found to be strongly linked to the convective boundary layer (CBL) thermodynamic features. The dry-cool season (autumn and winter) is characterized by a shallow CBL and very low mean turbidity (AOD ~ 0.09 at 440 nm, AE ~ 0.62). The wet-hot season (spring and summer) is dominated by high turbidity of coarse dust particles (AE ~ 0.28, AOD ~ 0.39 at 440 nm) and a deep CBL. The aerosol-type characterization shows desert mineral dust as the prevailing aerosol. Both pure Saharan dust and very clear sky conditions are observed depending on the season. However, several case studies indicate an anthropogenic fine mode contribution from the industrial areas in Libya and Algeria. The concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) source apportionment method was used to identify potential sources of air masses arriving at Tamanrasset at several heights for each season. Microphysical and optical properties and precipitable water vapour were also investigated. ; The AERONET sun photometer at Tamanrasset has been calibrated within AERONET-EUROPE TNA supported by the PHOTONS and RIMA networks and partially financed by the European Community – Research Infrastructure Action under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) "Capacities" specific programme for Integrating Activities, ACTRIS grant agreement no. 262254.Financial support from the Spanish MINECO (projects CGL2011-23413, CGL2012-33576 and CGL2012-37505). e Supercomputación y eCiencia project (CSD2007-0050) from the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 and Severo Ochoa (SEV-2011-00067) programs of the Spanish Government. ; 5.053 JCR (2014) Q1, 3/77 Meteorology and atmospheric sciences ; UEC

The use of sky cameras for nocturnal aerosol characterization is discussed in this study. Two sky cameras are configured to take High Dynamic Range (HDR) images at Granada and Valladolid (Spain). Some properties of the cameras, like effective wavelengths, sky coordinates of each pixel and pixel sensitivity, are characterized. After that, normalized camera radiances at lunar almucantar points (up to 20° in azimuth from the Moon) are obtained at three effective wavelengths from the HDR images. These normalized radiances are compared in different case studies to simulations fed with AERONET aerosol information, giving satisfactory results. The obtained uncertainty of normalized camera radiances is around 10% at 533 nm and 608 nm and 14% for 469 nm. Normalized camera radiances and six spectral aerosol optical depth values (obtained from lunar photometry) are used as input in GRASP code (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) to retrieve aerosol properties for a dust episode over Valladolid. The retrieved aerosol properties (refractive indices, fraction of spherical particles and size distribution parameters) are in agreement with the nearest diurnal AERONET products. The calculated GRASP retrieval at night time shows an increase in coarse mode concentration along the night, while fine mode properties remained constant. ; This work was supported by the Andalusia Regional Government(project P12-RNM-2409) and by the"Consejería de Educación, Juntade Castilla y León"(project VA100U14); the Spanish Ministry of Econo-my and Competitiveness and FEDER funds under the projects CGL2013-45410-R, CMT2015-66742-R, CGL2016-81092-R and"Juan de la Cierva Formación"program (FJCI-2014-22052); and the European Union's Ho-rizon 2020 research and innovation programme through projectACTRIS-2 (grant agreement No 654109).