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IntroductionNew therapies with genes, tissues and cells have taken the emerging field for the treatment of many diseases. Advances on stem cell therapy research have led to international regulatory agencies to harmonize and regulate the development of new medicines with stem cells.Sources of dataEuropean Medicines Agency on September 15, 2012.Areas of agreementCell therapy medicinal products should be subjected to the same regulatory principles than any other medicine.Areas of controversyTheir technical requirements for quality, safety and efficacy must be more specific and stringent than other biologic products and medicines.Growing pointsCell therapy medicinal products are at the cutting edge of innovation and offer a major hope for various diseases for which there are limited or no therapeutic options.Areas timely for developing researchThe development of cell therapy medicinal products constitutes an alternative therapeutic strategy to conventional clinical therapy, for which no effective cure was previously available. © 2012 Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. ; This work was supported by Fundación Progreso y Salud, Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía (Grant PI-0022/2008); Consejería de Innovación Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía (Grant CTS-6505; INP-2011-1615-900000); FEDER co-funded grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Red TerCel-Grant RD06/0010/0025; PI10/00964) and the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs (Advanced Therapies Program Grant TRA-120). CIBERDEM is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. ; Peer Reviewed

This article belongs to the Section Drug Delivery and Controlled Release. ; The use of embedded cells within alginate matrices is a developing technique with great clinical applications in cell-based therapies. However, one feature that needs additional investigation is the improvement of alginate-cells viability, which could be achieved by integrating other materials with alginate to improve its surface properties. In recent years, the field of nanotechnology has shown the many properties of a huge number of materials. Graphene oxide (GO), for instance, seems to be a good choice for improving alginate cell viability and functionality. We previously observed that GO, coated with fetal bovine serum (FBS) within alginate hydrogels, improves the viability of embedded myoblasts. In the current research, we aim to study several proteins, specifically bovine serum albumin (BSA), type I collagen and elastin, to discern their impact on the previously observed improvement on embedded myoblasts within alginate hydrogels containing GO coated with FBS. Thus, we describe the mechanisms of the formation of BSA, collagen and elastin protein layers on the GO surface, showing a high adsorption by BSA and elastin, and a decreasing GO impedance and capacitance. Moreover, we described a better cell viability and protein release from embedded cells within hydrogels containing protein-coated GO. We conclude that these hybrid hydrogels could provide a step forward in regenerative medicine. ; This research was funded by the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and the Basque Country Government (Grupos Consolidados, No ref: IT907-16). ; Peer reviewed