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The constructed architecture and exhibitions inside the pavilions erected at international exhibitions are logical and necessary starting points for studying the design process that lead from the program to its implementation. The analysis of these elements, though indispensable for the study of a set of cases, usually focuses on the final stage, or at least in a theoretical outline focused on the architectural conception of the 'idea'. Obviously the reality is much more complex, so it becomes indispensable to obtain a holistic view of what was happening in twentieth-century Spanish architecture, by incorporating actions and agents that enhance the knowledge of what happened. In the present case, the Spanish Pavilion at New York, designed by Javier Carvajal, what is of interest is that it had to be built 'over there', taking into account the high quality requirements imposed by US regulations, with Spanish means and engineers from 'over here'. If that 'there/here' distance had been excessive, the execution of the project would had suffered, and resulted in something different. But Javier Carvajal was lucky enough to have a brilliant Spanish engineering team, who also had ample experience of working in USA military bases in Spain, so their knowledge of techniques and technologies was the same as what could be found on the other side of the Atlantic. From the architectural point of view, all this tells an exciting story of how a Spanish architect and some engineers were able to design, calculate and execute a project carried out in the United States, and maintain the levels of aesthetic and technical quality as planned in their Madrid workshops. In other words, it is a truly international project since the physical and intellectual boundaries did not cause any problems, obstacles or constraints, because the engineers involved were perfect connoisseurs of energy systems and the most advanced building services of the moment. These systems provide the basic storyline for this text, but they must not hide the ...

This paper presents a methodology for risk analysis and assessment to manage territorial data based on Geographical Information Systems from the viewpoints of climatology, geography, disaster science, environmental science, fire safety and urban services. The results in this methodology are intended to support local and provincial government agencies to: make resource allocation decisions; make high-level planning decisions and raise public awareness of disasters risk, its causes, and ways to manage it. The Autonomous Community of Navarra, as a result of a special administrative status, possesses a number of specific features that have let it build up a high technological development in several fields. The main areas of research are healthcare and renewable energies, but also focused in the implementation of security systems at territorial level.These advances and particularities of the GIS software used by the fire fighters of this community will be the ones shown in this paper, as well as its prospective improvements in the collaboration with the experts responsible for urban planning of a School of Architecture.

The team researchers have been investigating on alternative ways for buildings to waste less energy. The result is the consecution of a new facade system with Peltier cells, that is to say, a new system of air conditioning that works both as a machine as a facade. That means the application in the field of construction of a technology that is already in use in other areas, fundamentally the military and aerospace. The new system has to be a prefabricated element that perfectly fix between the slabs. The result of all these ideas is the construction of a prefabricated module, consisting of a simplified inhabited housing unit with a thermoelectric installation that provides service to this module. The prototype has been monitored during one year. The University of Navarra has got the national patent for a "prefabricated and decentralized facade module for the climate control of inhabited spaces". Moreover, the Thermoelectric Conditioning System (TCS) is designed to reach a high comfort level for people living in the local. Without mechanical parts like pumps or compressors, there is no necessity for maintenance, reducing the possibilities of failure. The only mechanical elements are the dissipation heat fans placed in the external face of the prototype. There are also some heat sinks to evacuate the heat from the power elements. The next step is improving the system as a facade, paying special attention to carry out the legal façade envelope's requirements, such us, noise level, thermal transmittance, hydrothermal condition or behavior against fire. At the same time, it is going to be design a facade solution that tries to take advantage of inside and outside conditions in order to achieve the desire inside comfort conditions. Furthermore, the module is going to integrate photovoltaic panels to achieve a total autonomy system, which does not need to be connected to the traditional electrical network.

The School of Architecture of the University of Navarra has begun a project which consists in constructing a prefabricated module, consisting of a simplified inhabited housing unit, and monitoring over the course of one year the behavior of a thermoelectric installation that provides service to this module. The principal objective of the project is to quantify the response capacity of a thermoelectric climate control system applied to a prototype, and evaluate its energy and economic costs in the case that the system were applied in an apartment building. The development of this project represents the application in the field of construction of a technology that already is in use in other areas, fundamentally the military and aerospace. Therefore, we do not seek to demonstrate the performance of Peltier cells per se, but rather to evaluate how they function when applied to the residential area, and to analyze both the positive and negative aspects of their use.

The School of Architecture of the University of Navarra has begun a project which consists in constructing a prefabricated module, consisting of a simplified inhabited housing unit, and monitoring over the course of one year the behavior of a thermoelectric installation that provides service to this module. The principal objective of the project is to quantify the response capacity of a thermoelectric climate control system applied to a prototype, and evaluate its energy and economic costs in the case that the system were applied in an apartment building. The development of this project represents the application in the field of construction of a technology that already is in use in other areas, fundamentally the military and aerospace. Therefore, we do not seek to demonstrate the performance of Peltier cells per se, but rather to evaluate how they function when applied to the residential area, and to analyze both the positive and negative aspects of their use. In this regard, it must not be forgotten that Spanish regulations also require the evaluation of the maintenance needs of climate control equipment, and, in this regard, Peltier cells offer an important advantage: Despite the fact that the initial investment is greater than with a conventional method of climate control, the maintenance costs are nearly zero. For these reasons, an objective of the project is to estimate the construction and amortization costs of the application of this technology in the residential area.