Child Support Enforcement for Teenage Fathers: Problems and Prospects
In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 14, Heft 1, S. 25-42
ISSN: 0276-8739
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In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 14, Heft 1, S. 25-42
ISSN: 0276-8739
In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 14, Heft 1, S. 25
ISSN: 1520-6688
In: Public budgeting & finance, Band 10, Heft 4, S. 104-104
ISSN: 1540-5850
In: Public budgeting & finance, Band 10, Heft 3, S. 24-37
ISSN: 1540-5850
The success of the Child Support Enforcement Program has been questionable since its inception in 1975. This paper attempts to measure the success of the state CSE programs through the development of several performance measures.
In: Contemporary economic policy: a journal of Western Economic Association International, Band 5, Heft 4, S. 91-104
ISSN: 1465-7287
This study examines the relationship between the employability and the criminality of white and black male teenagers. We find that among black teenagers, the employed engage in fewer criminal activities than do the unemployed. Thus, blacks apparently view employment and crime as alternative income‐generating activities. On the other hand, employment status seems not to affect the criminal behavior of white male teenagers. Our evidence indicates that in the group studied, whites tend to use employment as a cover for crime or to moonlight in crime. Different legitimate opportunity structures for whites and blacks can explain, in part, the behavioral differences of whites and blacks. One more important policy implication is that job opportunities targeted to high‐risk black teenage populations have the additional beneficial effect of reducing crime rates.
In: The review of black political economy: analyzing policy prescriptions designed to reduce inequalities, Band 16, Heft 1-2, S. 109-127
ISSN: 1936-4814
This study examines the relationships between the employability and criminality of white and black male teenagers. A disequilibrium model of employment and crime is formulated and estimated as a simultaneous probit equation system. Our results show that black teenagers who are employed engage in fewer criminal activities. Thus, it appears that blacks view employment and crime as alternative income-generating activities. On the other hand, the criminal behavior of white male teenagers is unaffected by their employment status. The evidence that we provide indicates that whites tend to use employment as a cover for crime or to moonlight in crime. The differences in the behaviors of whites and blacks can be explained, in part, by different legitimate opportunity structures for whites and blacks. One of the more important policy implications is that job opportunities targeted to high risk, black teenage populations will have the additional beneficial effect of reducing crime rates.
In: Journal of benefit-cost analysis: JBCA, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 66-111
ISSN: 2152-2812
In this study, we conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of nine air quality regulations recently issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Taking emission reductions in the Regulatory Impact Analyses (RIAs) for these regulations as given, we independently assess uncertainty about the compliance costs of the regulations and the lives the regulations are estimated to save. The latter evaluation is based on a formal uncertainty analysis that integrates expert judgments about the effects of fine particle exposures on mortality risks. These expert judgments were given in an EPA-sponsored elicitation study conducted in 2006. The integrated judgments are used to generate probability distributions for several types of cost-effectiveness ratios, including the gross and net cost per life saved, net cost per life year saved, and net cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. The results show that the cost-effectiveness ratios exhibit considerable uncertainty individually and also vary widely across regulations. Within a simulated 90% confidence interval for the gross cost per life saved, for example, there is both the possibility that benefits from lifesavings alone are sufficient to cover the rules' costs and the possibility that no lives will be saved and cost-effectiveness ratios will be infinite. The wide ranges for the confidence intervals suggest the need for better information about the effects of fine particle exposures on mortality risks.
In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 27, Heft 1, S. 7-19
ISSN: 0276-8739
In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 27, Heft 1, S. 7-19
ISSN: 1520-6688
The environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis conjectures a nonlinear relationship between pollution and economic growth, such that pollution per capita initially increases as countries economically develop, but then reaches a maximum point before ultimately declining. Much of the EKC literature has focused on testing this basic hypothesis and, in studies that find evidence of an EKC, estimating the 'turning point' level of development at which the per capita pollution-growth relationship changes sign. This approach has not emphasized the policy relevance of specification issues or the potential role of policy variables. This research explores a modified EKC specification which conditions the pollution-growth relationship on a country level of debt and degree of democratization. These variables turn out to be significant, implying that different political and economic contexts can shift EKCs and their turning points. These findings suggest that policies to relieve debt burdens and institute political reform, in addition to their usual justifications, also could be used as a strategy to reduce carbon emissions from developing countries. [Copyright 2008 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.]
In: Journal of policy analysis and management: the journal of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management, Band 27, Heft 1, S. 7-19
ISSN: 1520-6688
AbstractThe environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis conjectures a nonlinear relationship between pollution and economic growth, such that pollution per capita initially increases as countries economically develop, but then reaches a maximum point before ultimately declining. Much of the EKC literature has focused on testing this basic hypothesis and, in studies that find evidence of an EKC, estimating the "turning point" level of development at which the per capita pollution‐growth relationship changes sign. This approach has not emphasized the policy relevance of specification issues or the potential role of policy variables. This research explores a modified EKC specification which conditions the pollution‐growth relationship on a country's level of debt and degree of democratization. These variables turn out to be significant, implying that different political and economic contexts can shift EKCs and their turning points. These findings suggest that policies to relieve debt burdens and institute political reform, in addition to their usual justifications, also could be used as a strategy to reduce carbon emissions from developing countries. © 2008 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
In: The international journal of conflict management: IJCMA, Band 18, Heft 2, S. 148-174
ISSN: 1044-4068
In: Socio-economic planning sciences: the international journal of public sector decision-making, Band 22, Heft 6, S. 241-251
ISSN: 0038-0121
In: The Review of Income and Wealth, 2008
SSRN
In: The Economic Journal, Band 103, Heft 419, S. 1028
In: The International journal of conflict management: IJCMA, Band 18, Heft 2, S. 148-174
ISSN: 1758-8545
PurposeThis study examines the structure and dimensionality of organizational justice in a workplace mediation setting. It has three purposes: to determine whether the procedural and interpersonal justice factors in the four‐factor model of organizational justice can be split, thereby providing support for a six‐factor model; to identify how the split factors relate to other factors in the model; and to uncover any differences in employee and supervisor perceptions of organizational justice in workplace mediation.Design/methodology/approachConfirmatory factor analysis is used to explore the fit of four different models of organizational justice. The paper examines cross factor correlations to assess the strength and relationships among factors and to look for differences between employees and supervisors.FindingsIt is found that a six‐factor model of organizational justice provides the best fit for the data and that factor relationships differ little for employees and supervisors.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a field test of REDRESS®, the USPS employment mediation program which uses transformative mediation. The study has important theoretical and research implications for organizational justice and workplace mediation.Practical implicationsThe study has practical implications for organizational conflict management and dispute system design.Originality/valueOrganizational justice has not been adequately explored within the context of workplace mediation. The study is unique in that it concurrently examines multiple factors of organizational justice, using a large, longitudinal dataset from an internationally recognized workplace mediation program.