Suchergebnisse

The fully revised second edition of this highly-acclaimed book provides an authoritative and comprehensive assessment of the role of organized interests in the everyday policy-making of the EU, and of the significance of interest representation for European integration and for the democratic legitimacy of the EU

Key practitioners who work in and with EU business associations come together with leading policy makers from the EU institutions and research academics to analyze change factors for the associations and their role in EU policy making and implementation. Contributors include the Head of the team responsible for the EU White Paper on Governance, the Chair of the UK CBI Trade Association Forum, the Chair of the UK Political Studies Association, and the longest serving Secretary General of UNICE.

Despite the cessation of a variety of governmental organisations, policies, and programmes throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the termination concept which emerged during the late 1970s remains heavily underused. This is attributed partly to the effects of the same incremental practices which termination was designed to solve; partly to the difficulties of distinguishing the categories of 'termination' from 'succession'; and partly to Kaufman's assertion that organisational survival was a matter of chance, and therefore not fruitful to study. Academic interest in governmental cessations remains firmly rooted in the termination of organisations; much less attention has been paid to the ending of policies and programmes. Management science research can be used to challenge assertions about the lack of pattern in organisational survival, and the way in which political science has operationalised the concept of incrementalism, suggesting the applicability of semirationalist techniques in an incrementalist world. With a hierarchical reformulation of de Leon's 1978 categorisation of governmental functions, organisations, policies, and programmes it is here suggested that termination and succession are distinct. The aim is to demonstrate the practical utility of the termination concept, both for analysis and for practitioners whose interest is centred on the opportunity-cost savings which cessations can make available.

Looks at proposals the Government believes will safeguard and reinforce the political impartiality of offices. Examines Councillor perceptions of officer roles and vice versa, and the misunderstandings than can arise, and discusses post-Widdicombe changes. (JLN)

Looks at 3 important reports which have reinforced earlier disquiet about local Ombudsmen. Major themes, shortcomings and proposed changes are examined under headings of access, enforcement, jurisdiction and supervision. Discusses lessons for local government and complaints procedures. (JLN)