Contaminant exposure and ecotoxicological impacts in estuaries
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 20, Heft 2, S. 599-600
ISSN: 1614-7499
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In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 20, Heft 2, S. 599-600
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 28, Heft 22, S. 28263-28274
ISSN: 1614-7499
AbstractRare earth elements (REEs) are contaminants of increasing interest due to intense mining activities for commercial purposes and ultimately released in the environment. We exposed juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to a representative mixture of the five most abundant REEs for 96 h at concentrations similar found in lakes contaminated by mining activities at 0.1, 1, 10, and 100X whereas the 1x mixture contained cerium (Ce, 280 μg/L), lanthanum (La, 140 μg/L), neodymium (Nd, 120 μg/L), praseodymium (Pr, 28 μg/L), and samarium (Sm, 23 μg/L). We investigated the expression of 14 genes involved in oxidative stress, DNA repair, tissue growth/proliferation, protein chaperoning, xenobiotic biotransformation, and ammonia metabolism in the liver. In addition, DNA damage, oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation or LPO), inflammation (cyclooxygenase or COX activity), detoxification mechanisms (glutathione-S-transferase activity or GST), and labile zinc were determined in gills. The data revealed that genes involved in oxidative stress-catalase (cat), heat shock proteins 70 (hsp70), and glutamate dehydrogenase (glud) were upregulated while glutathione S-transferase (gst) and metallothionein (mt) gene expressions were downregulated. The mixture was genotoxic and increased labile Zn in gills of exposed trout. These changes occurred at concentrations 600 times lower than the LC50 for this mixture indicating effects below the 1X concentration. Based on principal component analysis and concentration-dependent reponses, the following sublethal effects were considered the most important/significant: DNA strand breaks (genotoxicity), labile Zn, cat, gst, hsp70, sparc, mt, and glud. These effects of fish juveniles are likely to occur in environments under the influence of mining activities.
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 26, Heft 32, S. 33524-33531
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 24, Heft 36, S. 27662-27669
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 94, S. 54-59
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 28, Heft 46, S. 65952-65959
ISSN: 1614-7499
AbstractThe occurrence of silver (Ag) in urban effluents is partly associated with the increasing use of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as an antiseptic agent in various consumer products. Distinction among Ag forms must be taken into account in the assessment of exposure and toxicological effects to aquatic organisms. Wastewater treatment processes effectively remove Ag particles and colloids (mostly > 95%), but this still leaves notable concentrations (in order of ng/L) escaping to effluent-receiving waters. Total suspended Ag concentrations in various studied effluents ranged from 0.1 to 6 ng/L. The purpose of this study was then to measure and characterize Ag NPs in urban effluents for their concentrations and size distribution using the single particle ICP-MS technique (SP-ICP-MS). Wastewater influents and effluents from various treatment plants—from aerated lagoons to advanced treatment technology—were collected for three sampling days. Our results showed the presence of Ag NP in all samples with concentrations reaching 0.5 ng/L on a mass basis. However, on a particle number basis, Ag NP concentrations (expressed in particle/mL) in the 20–34-nm fraction (up to 3400 particles/mL) were much more abundant (> 700%) than in the > 35-nm larger fraction. The proportion of Ag at the nanoscale (1–100 nm) represents less than 8% of the total suspended Ag for all effluent samples, regardless of their origins. A significant correlation (linear regression: r2 > 0.7) was observed between Ag NP and total suspended Ag concentrations in investigated effluents. Because Ag nanotoxicity is size dependent, the determination of size distribution and exposure concentration on a particle number basis is urgently needed for risk assessment of this class of nanoparticles.
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 27, Heft 20, S. 25093-25102
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR
ISSN: 1614-7499
AbstractRare earth elements (REE) are essential components of many electronic devices that could end-up in solid waste disposal sites and inadvertently released in the environment. The purpose of this study was to examine the toxicity of two heavy REEs, erbium (Er) and lutetium (Lu), in freshwater mussels Dreissena polymorpha. Mussels were exposed to 14 days to increasing concentration (10, 50, 250, and 1250 µg/L) of either Er and Lu at 15 °C and analyzed for gene expression in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), metallothionein (MT), cytochrome c oxidase (CO1), and cyclin D for cell cycle. In addition, lipid peroxidation (LPO), DNA damage (DNAd), and arachidonate cyclooxygenase were also determined. The data revealed that mussels accumulated Er and Lu similarly and both REEs induced changes in mitochondrial COI activity. Er increased cell division, MT, and LPO, while Lu increased DNAd and decreased cell division. Tissue levels of Er were related to changes in MT (r = 0.7), LPO (r = 0.42), CO1 (r = 0.69), and CycD (r = 0.31). Lu tissue levels were related to changes in CO1 (r = 0.73), CycD (r = − 0.61), CAT (r = 0.31), DNAd (r = 0.43), and SOD (r = 0.34). Although the lethal threshold was similar between Er and Lu, the threshold response for LPO revealed that Er produced toxicity at concentrations 25 times lower than Lu suggesting that Er was more harmful than Lu in mussels. In conclusions, the data supports that the toxicity pattern differed between Er and Lu although they are accumulated in the same fashion.
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 165, S. 662-670
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 163, S. 486-491
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 22, Heft 2, S. 1468-1479
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 27, Heft 11, S. 11772-11781
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 77, S. 28-34
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 208, S. 111588
ISSN: 1090-2414
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 241, S. 113793
ISSN: 1090-2414