Suchergebnisse

Filiación del autor: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (México). Unidad Azcapotzalco. ; En un contexto contradictorio entre discursos democráticos e incluyentes, y prácticas de clausura y de captura del poder, la gestión de las ciudades se complejiza y estimula la reproducción de la desigualdad urbana durante las primeras décadas del siglo xxi. Ante esta condición, el presente trabajo sostiene la importancia de volver a revisar la conceptualización de lo público urbano desde la acción y la pasividad del aparato gubernamental y el marco normativo, así como de las estrategias ciudadanas que se le oponen y aspiran a su transformación. Para realizarlo, se llevan a cabo los siguientes dos pasos: 1) se recuperan pistas teóricas sobre lo público desde discusiones sobre política, acción pública y política pública, de lo que resulta el énfasis en la práctica y captura del poder, la producción de conflictos y principalmente la reducción o pérdida de lo común, colectivo y abierto de lo público; 2) se ejemplifica la complejidad de lo público con el caso del desarrollo urbano de la Ciudad de México y las formas que toma la acción política ciudadana que se le opone e intentan transformarlo. Al final se interpretan aportes y retos para la reformulación de lo público urbano desde la morfología de la acción ciudadana. ; In a contradictory context between democratic and inclusive discourses, and practices of closure and capture of power, the management of cities becomes more complex and stimulates the reproduction of urban inequality during the first decades of the 21st century. Given this condition, this work supports the importance of revisiting the conceptualization of the urban public from the action and passivity of the governmental apparatus and the normative framework, as well as the citizen strategies that oppose it and aspire to its transformation. To do this, the following two steps are carried out: 1) theoretical clues about the public are recovered from discussions on politics, public action and public policy, resulting in the emphasis on the practice and capture of power, the production of conflicts and mainly the reduction of the common, collective and open that conforms the public; 2) the complexity of the public is exemplified with the case of the urban development of Mexico City and the forms that the citizen political action takes, oppose it and try to transform it. In the end, contributions and challenges are interpreted for the reformulation of the urban public from the morphology of citizen action.

Animal ethics / Clare Palmer, Peter Sandøe -- Understanding animal welfare / Linda Keeling, Jeff Rushen, Ian Duncan -- Environmental challenge and animal agency / Marek Pinka, Françoise Wemelsfelder -- Hunger and thirst / Ilias Kyriazakis, Bert Tolkamp -- Pain / Ignacio Viñuela-Fernández, Dan Weary, Paul Flecknell -- Fear and other negative emotions / Alain Boissy, Cathy Dwyer, Bryan Jones -- Frustration and boredom in impoverished environments / Georgia Mason, Charlotte Burn -- Health and disease / Michael Cockram, Barry Hughes -- Behaviour / I. Anna S. Olsson, Hanno Würbel, Joy Mench -- Physiology / Dominique Blache, Claudia Terlouw, Shane Maloney -- Preference and motivation research / David Fraser, Christine Nicol -- Practical strategies to assess (and improve) welfare / Andrew Butterworth, Joy Mench, Nadja Wielebnowski, I. Anna S. Olsson -- Physical conditions / Birte Nielsen, Michael Appleby, Natalie Waran -- Social conditions / Francisco Galindo, Ruth Newberry, Mike Mendl -- Human contact / Paul Hemsworth, Sally Sherwen, Grahame Coleman -- Genetic selection / Paul Hocking, Rick D'Eath, Joergen Kjaer -- Economics / Richard Bennett, Paul Thompson -- Regulation, enforcement and incentives / Ute Knierim, Ed Pajor -- International issues / Michael Appleby, Stella Maris Huertas

8 p.-6 fig.-1 tab. ; Four new BODIPY derivatives with a potential tendency to aggregation have been synthesized and characterized by means of NMR techniques, mass spectrometry and UV–Vis/fluorescence spectroscopies. The objective of this study is to determine which structural factors of the new molecules influence most notably the cellular uptake, intracellular location and fluorescence imaging abilities. The behaviour of the compounds in organic solvent and aqueous solution has been studied. In organic solvents (DMSO, ethanol and toluene), the photophysical properties of the new molecules are almost independent of the building blocks used to synthesize the pendant moieties (non-fluorogenic parts). In an aqueous environment (HEPES Buffer Solution, pH 7), at 10 μM, three of the compounds (1, 2 and 4) tend to form weakly emissive nanoparticles (DLS determination) whereas one of them (3) remains soluble and highly fluorescent. In the nanomolar range of concentration, all the compounds are aqueous soluble. The cellular internalisation of the compounds (10 nM) has been studied in human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells by means of flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. All the compounds were uptaken by HT-29 cells, but notably molecule 3 (made with lysine as a building block) was the one displaying a higher loading and a more clear lysosomal location (0.88 Pearson's correlation coefficient in colocalization assays using lysosomal fluorescent probe LysoTracker DND-99). Molecule 3 also performed better than the valine derivative 1 as a lysosomal marker in a cellular model (human adrenal carcinoma SW13/cl.2 cells) of lysosomal storage disease (Niemann-Pick type C). ; The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund of the European Union (grant RTI2018-096748-B-I00 to FG and RTI2018-097624-B-I00 to DPS). ; Peer reviewed

[EN] In this work, a molecular hydrogel made of gelator (S)-4-((3-methyl-1-(nonylamino)-1-oxobutan-2-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid (SVN) has been employed as soft container to modify the photochemical and photophysical behavior of the antipsychotic drug cyamemazine (CMZ). The interaction of CMZ with the gel network has been evidenced by fluorescence spectroscopy through a hypsochromic shift of the emission band (from lambda(max) = 521 nm in solution to lambda(max) = 511 nm in the gel) and an increase of the fluorescence lifetime (5.6 ns in PBS vs. 7.2 ns in the gel). In the laser flash photolysis experiments on CMZ/SVN systems, the CMZ triplet excited state ((3)CMZ*), monitored at lambda = 320 nm, has been more efficiently generated and became much longer-lived than in solution (2.7 mu s vs. 0.7 mu s); besides, photochemical ionization leading to the radical cation CMZ(+center dot) was disfavored. In the steady-state experiments, photooxidation of CMZ to afford the N,S-dioxide derivative CMZ-SONO has been retarded in the gel, which provides a more lipophilic and constrained microenvironment. Both the photophysical properties and the photoreactivity are in agreement with CMZ located in a less polar domain when entrapped in the supramolecular gel, as result of the interaction of the drug with the fibers of the supramolecular SVN gel. ; Financial support from the Spanish Government (CTQ2016-78875-P and CTQ2015-71004-R), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2017/075) and the European Union is gratefully acknowledged. ; Vendrell-Criado, V.; Angulo-Pachón, CA.; Miravet, JF.; Galindo, F.; Miranda Alonso, MÁ.; Jiménez Molero, MC. (2020). Photobehavior of the antipsychotic drug cyamemazine in a supramolecular gel protective environment. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology. 202:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111686 ; S ; 1 ; 4 ; 202 ; Bourin, M., Dailly, E., & Hascöet, M. (2006). Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology of Cyamemazine: Anxiolytic Effects and Prevention of Alcohol and ...

1 4 202 ; S ; [EN] In this work, a molecular hydrogel made of gelator (S)-4-((3-methyl-1-(nonylamino)-1-oxobutan-2-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid (SVN) has been employed as soft container to modify the photochemical and photophysical behavior of the antipsychotic drug cyamemazine (CMZ). The interaction of CMZ with the gel network has been evidenced by fluorescence spectroscopy through a hypsochromic shift of the emission band (from lambda(max) = 521 nm in solution to lambda(max) = 511 nm in the gel) and an increase of the fluorescence lifetime (5.6 ns in PBS vs. 7.2 ns in the gel). In the laser flash photolysis experiments on CMZ/SVN systems, the CMZ triplet excited state ((3)CMZ*), monitored at lambda = 320 nm, has been more efficiently generated and became much longer-lived than in solution (2.7 mu s vs. 0.7 mu s); besides, photochemical ionization leading to the radical cation CMZ(+center dot) was disfavored. In the steady-state experiments, photooxidation of CMZ to afford the N,S-dioxide derivative CMZ-SONO has been retarded in the gel, which provides a more lipophilic and constrained microenvironment. Both the photophysical properties and the photoreactivity are in agreement with CMZ located in a less polar domain when entrapped in the supramolecular gel, as result of the interaction of the drug with the fibers of the supramolecular SVN gel. Financial support from the Spanish Government (CTQ2016-78875-P and CTQ2015-71004-R), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2017/075) and the European Union is gratefully acknowledged. Vendrell-Criado, V.; Angulo-Pachón, CA.; Miravet, JF.; Galindo, F.; Miranda Alonso, MÁ.; Jiménez Molero, MC. (2020). Photobehavior of the antipsychotic drug cyamemazine in a supramolecular gel protective environment. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology. 202:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111686 Bourin, M., Dailly, E., & Hascöet, M. (2006). Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology of Cyamemazine: Anxiolytic Effects and Prevention of Alcohol and Benzodiazepine ...