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Abstract
This study assesses whether varying contingent financial incentives in a web panel survey altered respondent behavior. A sample of US web panel participants were randomly assigned to cash incentive levels ranging from $0.50 to $3.00 awarded upon completion of an online survey gauging preferences for fresh strawberries. The analytical results indicate that increased contingent incentives had no clear association with the eligibility or break-off rates. Increased incentives reduced the incidence of trap question failure among a subset of qualified respondents. Responses of respondents flagged as unqualified to complete the survey, or qualified but inattentive, consistently differed from other qualified respondents on many survey items over a range of incentive levels. Overall, the results suggest increased contingent incentives yield limited improvements in the behavior of web panel respondents.

PurposeDue to ginger holds a special and indispensable place in Chinese cuisine, understanding consumers' preferences for organic ginger is of significance, especially given the growing interest in organic food products and sustainable agriculture. This study thus examines Chinese consumers' preference for fresh ginger and the sources of their preferences heterogeneity for organic ginger consumption.Design/methodology/approachThe study is using choice experiment (CE) method and mixed logit (MXL) modeling with 1,312 valid samples. The participants are regular consumers who are 18 years old or above and had bought fresh ginger within the past 12 months.FindingsThe results show that consumers prefer organic product certification labeling ginger to conventional ginger, preferred to purchase ginger at wet markets to at supermarkets or online, and preferred either ginger with regional public brand or private brand to unbranded ginger. Results also indicate that age, education level, income, purchasing experience of organic and branded ginger, and cognition of ginger health benefits are the sources of heterogeneity in consumer preferences for organic ginger.Originality/valueThis study contributes to ginger growers, marketers and policy makers. This study tracks how consumers' preferences change under different attribute combinations, capture the complex preference structure of consumers, and help reveal the motivations behind consumers' preferences for organic ginger. These findings will be crucial for developing marketing strategies, promoting organic products, and meeting consumer needs.

AbstractThe pressure to find solutions for high rates of obesity and overweight in the U.S. population has led industry groups to introduce voluntary front‐of‐package (FOP) nutritional labeling for beverages. This research examines the impact of these labels on consumers' perceptions of the healthiness of beverages. Though consumers reacted differently depending on the information in the label, in general, the perception of milks and 100% juices decreased, while perception of soft drinks and less than 100% juice drinks increased. If the purpose of FOP labels is to encourage healthier choices, the changes observed appear to be at odds with the goal.

Consumer behavior changes differently in emergencies. Understanding consumer food stockpiling behavior during COVID-19 pandemic can provide critical information for governments and policymakers to adjust inventory and response strategies. This paper analyzed consumer food stockpiling behavior, including the change of food reserve scale and willingness to pay for fresh food reserves in COVID-19. Our paper shows that the scale of food reserve extends from 3.37 to 7.37 days after the outbreak of COVID-19; if available, consumers on average are willing to pay 18.14 yuan (60.47%) premium for fresh products reserves. The result shows that food stockpiling behavior is fueled by a set of multiple motivations and subjective risk perception. Female, high education level and high-income consumers were more likely to reserve larger scale food reserves, but consumers' willingness to pay for fresh food reserves is determined by income. This study was conducted when new infection cases continued to rise in the world. The story of food stockpiling during the COVID-19 pandemic in China is similar with the rest of world. Consumer stockpiling behavior in China can also be expanded to other countries to predict the change of food demand and understand more about consumer preferences in emergencies.