Suchergebnisse

This article provides a technical analysis of the alternatives of intervention proposed by the community as an alternative to intervention project proposed by the local government to alleviate the problem of traffic at the intersection of 52nd Street in the city of Manizales (Colombia). Parallel, is evaluated a complementary proposal made by the Traffic and Transportation Secretary of the city, which is far from the originally raised by same Municipal Administration through the INVAMA. The proposals in the frame of Manizales Mobility Plan (MMP) since the point of view of urban accessibility are compared with the community and INVAMA proposals. In general, the proposals are evaluated and compared to the proposal developed by the INVAMA and de MMP showing the advantages and disadvantages of each one. ; En este artículo se realiza un análisis de las variadas alternativas de intervención que han sido propuestas por la comunidad del sector del Túnel de la Calle 52 como una alternativa al proyecto planteado por la Alcaldía Municipal con el fin de mitigar el problema de movilidad que existe en dicho punto de la ciudad de Manizales (Colombia). De forma paralela se evalúa la propuesta complementaria que hace la Secretaría de Tránsito y Transporte, la cual dista bastante de la inicialmente planteada por la misma Alcaldía a través del Instituto de Valorización de Manizales – INVAMA y se comparan las propuestas con lo estudiado en el Plan de Movilidad de Manizales (PMM) desde el punto de vista de accesibilidad urbana y que se espera sea aplicado en dicho sector de la ciudad. De forma general, se evalúan las propuestas presentadas y se comparan con la propuesta desarrollada por el INVAMA y por el PMM, mostrando las ventajas y desventajas de cada una de estas.

This article provides a technical analysis of the alternatives of intervention proposed by the community as an alternative to intervention project proposed by the local government to alleviate the problem of traffic at the intersection of 52nd Street in the city of Manizales (Colombia). Parallel, is evaluated a complementary proposal made by the Traffic and Transportation Secretary of the city, which is far from the originally raised by same Municipal Administration through the INVAMA. The proposals in the frame of Manizales Mobility Plan (MMP) since the point of view of urban accessibility are compared with the community and INVAMA proposals. In general, the proposals are evaluated and compared to the proposal developed by the INVAMA and de MMP showing the advantages and disadvantages of each one. ; En este artículo se realiza un análisis de las variadas alternativas de intervención que han sido propuestas por la comunidad del sector del Túnel de la Calle 52 como una alternativa al proyecto planteado por la Alcaldía Municipal con el fin de mitigar el problema de movilidad que existe en dicho punto de la ciudad de Manizales (Colombia). De forma paralela se evalúa la propuesta complementaria que hace la Secretaría de Tránsito y Transporte, la cual dista bastante de la inicialmente planteada por la misma Alcaldía a través del Instituto de Valorización de Manizales – INVAMA y se comparan las propuestas con lo estudiado en el Plan de Movilidad de Manizales (PMM) desde el punto de vista de accesibilidad urbana y que se espera sea aplicado en dicho sector de la ciudad. De forma general, se evalúan las propuestas presentadas y se comparan con la propuesta desarrollada por el INVAMA y por el PMM, mostrando las ventajas y desventajas de cada una de estas.

International energy production models are changing rapidly in response to the twin-pressures of climate change and declining fossil fuel reserves.1 As a result, low-carbon economies, their management and ownership, have become increasingly important. Community energy is a collective bottom-up approach to tackling challenges related to energy, sustainability and climate change. Community energy projects engage local people to lead, control and benefit jointly from their venture. The challenge is to meet sustainability targets for secure energy systems, minimized greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), as well as for reduced individual and group heating and electricity bills. New models for innovation are needed to realise the potential of community energy projects. Social innovation is a type of innovation that focuses on human factors. Community energy is a community based venture for generating and owning renewable energy. The combination of social innovation and community energy can create a new bottom-up approach to developing new alternative energy marketplaces (in the sense of entering the renewable energy market) with diverse impacts, i.e. social, environmental and financial. Community-generated and -owned renewable energy at the local and regional scale is a potential local-scale solution to the long-standing global problem associated with energy depletion and inefficient use of resources. The challenge for ISABEL, is that the definitions, practices, methods and tools to carry out such schemes are complex and do not follow a "single prescription to success" concept. They combine numerous powerful socio-economic and political attributes and although some of them may seem to borrow elements from a diverse number of sectors, they translate, in effect, into new projects that cannot be easily replicated. Therefore, the main purpose of this report is to explore and identify a number of practices, methods and tools in applying social innovation in community energy projects across Europe. In this analysis we explore ...

Executive Summary The routine human rights abuses and due process violations of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) by US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) have contributed to a mounting humanitarian and legal crisis along the US–Mexico border. In the United States, the treatment of UAC is governed by laws, policies, and standards drawn from the Flores Settlement, the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (TVPRA), and CBP procedures and directives, which are intended to ensure UAC's protection, well-being, and ability to pursue relief from removal, such as asylum. As nongovernmental organizations and human rights groups have documented, however, CBP has repeatedly violated these legal standards and policies, and subjected UAC to abuses and rights violations. This article draws from surveys of 97 recently deported Mexican UAC, which examine their experiences with US immigration authorities. The study finds that Mexican UAC are detained in subpar conditions, are routinely not screened for fear of return to their home countries or for human trafficking, and are not sufficiently informed about the deportation process. The article recommends that CBP should take immediate steps to improve the treatment of UAC, that CBP and other entities responsible for the care of UAC be monitored to ensure their compliance with US law and policy, and that Mexican UAC be afforded the same procedures and protection under the TVPRA as UAC from noncontiguous states.

Objetivo: quantificar a abundância e a biomassa de moluscos bentônicos no Lago Igapó I, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Material e Métodos: foram realizadas duas coletas no Lago Igapó I, a primeira em junho de 2015 e a segunda em fevereiro de 2016. O substrato (incluindo os moluscos incrustados) foi amostrado utilizando um quadrante com área de 1 m2, onde 10 amostragens foram realizadas entre três pontos distintos do lago. Os moluscos capturados foram anestesiados e eutanasiados por superexposição ao gelo. Posteriormente, o material foi quantificado em abundância (n) e biomassa total (kg), e armazenado em tambores contendo formol 4% tamponado com carbonato de cálcio. Resultados: foram identificadas cinco espécies de moluscos, sendo três não nativas (Limnoperna fortunei, Corbicula fluminea e Melanoides tuberculata), uma nativa (Aylacostoma cf. tenuilabris) e um indivíduo do gênero Pomacea. Em ambas as coletas, L. fortunei compreendeu aproximadamente 90% da abundância e biomassa total. A partir da densidade média de L. fortunei e a área total do Lago Igapó I, estimou-se que a população total de mexilhões-dourados pode chegar a 633 milhões de indivíduos, correspondendo a 638 toneladas de biomassa. Conclusão: é evidente a dominância da espécie invasora L. fortunei no Lago Igapó I, onde esta pode causar diversos efeitos negativos, como alterações no ciclo de nutrientes, redução de espécies nativas, introdução de parasitos, bioacumulação de metais pesados na cadeia trófica, diminuição da qualidade da água para uso humano e obstrução de encanamentos com risco de alagamentos. Desta forma, recomenda-se uma imediata ação de manejo neste ambiente para retirada de indivíduos da espécie, com consequente redução de sua abundância.

Energy communities or community energy (EC) are / is now part of the local energy provision and they can favourably contribute to the low CO2 economic transition in Europe. The future suppliers are citizen which now are involving in this process and phenomenon. Countries as Germany, Denmark and England have a well-known experience with the provision of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Wind turbines, solar PV, and biogas installations are now part of our lives because the technology is ready to significantly contribute to decrease the Green House Gas (GHG) emissions. Although the majority of European community RES projects are linked to solar and wind energy, biogas has also been part of this development with a slow acceptance outside Germany. ISABEL will focus on the promotion of biogas and encourage the use of biogas by local communities. Before this aim can be achieved, ISABEL will find the reasons beyond this development. First the European policies and frameworks will be illustrated, while a description of the European energy production (energy indicators) and how this sector influence the society (socio-economic indicators) will follow. Additionally to the general European data, the national policies and incentives in Germany, Greece and United Kingdom, that foster the energy production development will be outlined, as well as community energy developments in these countries, coupled with in-deep interviews with stakeholders. As a result, the gaps, the barriers and the support needy for a sustainable power production, will be illustrated.