Suchergebnisse

It is a mistake to take for granted that corporative upper houses are tantamount to fascism, for we can see samples of them in liberal democracies as well as communist regimes. Besides, very few of them are nowadays left. ; Es un error identificar las Cámaras parlamentarias corporativas con el fascismo, pues hay ejemplos de las mismas tanto en las democracias liberales, como en los regímenes comunistas. Por lo demás, subsisten pocos ejemplos en la actualidad.It is a mistake to take for granted that corporative upper houses are tantamount to fascism, for we can see samples of them in liberal democracies as well as communist regimes. Besides, very few of them are nowadays left.

Political scientists have classed political forces into political parties & pressure groups. The concept of 'political associations' is introduced, these hold an overall view of the community, are ideologically homogeneous, relatively organized, but do not seek to exercise power directly. In the European past such associations have evolved towards political parties. In Spain the clandestine political parties of the opposition operate underground. The political associations are involved in more above-ground political discussion. Since 1936, 3 types have evolved: (1) the continuistas who favor the status quo of Franco's rule, (2) the semiaperturistas who want relative autonomy for other parties, & (3) the aperturistas who want genuine pluralism. The later is typified by the Association of the Former Members of the Youth Front. It was founded in 1959, & it appeals mostly to 22-45 year olds, it is similar in beliefs to the Social Democrats of Europe. It has 50,000 members. Other such groups are described, as well as several marginal groups. The political momentum in Spain is increasing. The political associations have 3 possibilities: they may become new political parties, agents of political opinion, or indirect political representatives. It seems increasingly likely that they will move towards becoming parties. D. Burkenroad.