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AbstractContra recent, inflationary views, the paper submits a deflationary approach to legal ontology. It argues, in particular, that to answer ontological questions about legal entities, we only need conceptual analysis and empirical investigation. In developing this proposal, it follows Amie Thomasson's 'easy ontology' and her strategy for answering whether ordinary objects exist. The purpose of this is to advance a theory that, on the one hand, does not fall prey to sceptical views about legal reality (viz., that ontological truths about legal entities are established by metaphysical principles); and, on the other, is compatible with common-sense jurisprudence (viz., that there in fact exist legal entities, and they all have important practical implications). While this methodology is common to legal philosophers interested in elucidating the 'artifactual nature' of law, the paper departs from their projects by taking a step forward in connecting this deflationary approach to legal ontology with an expressivist account of legal discourse, thus providing enough resources to satisfy the general ambition of jurisprudence, viz., to establish the conditions for the analysis of legal reality and its normative character.

1. Introduction Miguel Garcia-Godinez & Rachael Mellin -- 2. Reflections on Group Action from Inside Raul Hakli & Kaarlo Miller & Pekka Mäkelä -- 3.Tuomela and the Unity of Belief Sara Rachel Chant -- 4. Joint Actions: We-Mode and I-Mode Seumas Miller -- 5. Towards a Situated Approach of Tuomela's Theory of Social Practices Judith H. Martens -- 6. What is Collective Acceptance and What Does it do? Arto Laitinen -- 7. Can There Be Institutions Without Constitutive Rules? Frank Hindriks -- 8. Institutional Proxy Agency: A We-Mode Approach Miguel Garcia-Godinez -- 9. From We-Mode to Role-Mode Michael Schmit -- 10. Group Morality and Moral Groups: Ethical Aspects of the Tuomelian We-Mode Björn Petersson -- 11. Tuomela on Social Norms and Group-Social Normativity Olle Blomberg -- 12. Cooperation Rests on Trust – But What is Trust and How do We get There?Maj Tuomela.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Contributors -- Introduction -- We-Thinking, We-Mode, and Group Agents -- The Level Conception of the Methodological Individualism-Holism Debate -- What Are Institutional Groups? -- Institutional Knowledge and its Normative Implications -- The Right to Press Freedom of Expression vs the Rights of Marginalised Groups: An Answer Grounded in Personhood Rights -- Consent and Normativity -- Reasons Internalism, Cooperation, and Law -- Varieties of Normativity: Reasons, Expectations, Wide-Scope Oughts, and Ought-to-be's -- The Metaphysics of Legal Organisations -- The Social Construction of Legal Norms -- Identity of Corporations: Against the Shareholder View -- Of Layers and Lawyers